Natural resources and alternative fuels - Khóa học sinh viên Drive

absorb (v) /əbˈzɔːb/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Hấp thu. =to take something in, especially gradually

Ví dụ:

Plants [absorb] carbon dioxide.
In cold climates, houses need to have walls that will [absorb] heat.
Towels [absorb] moisture.

abuzz (v) /əˈbʌz/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Đầy tiếng rì rầm, ồn ào. Đầy những hoạt động =to befilled with noise and activity

Ví dụ:

When we arrived, the party was in full swing and the room was [abuzz].
The air was [abuzz] with military helicopters.
The room was [abuzz] with mosquitoes

accompany (v) /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Đi theo, đi cùng, đi kèm, hộ tống. Phụ thêm, kèm theo. =to happen or appear with something else

Ví dụ:

strong winds [accompanied] by heavy rain
The text is [accompanied] by a series of stunning photographs.
The course books are [accompanied] by four CDs.

adjacent (adj) /əˈdʒeɪ.sənt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Gần kề, kế liền, ngay sát bên cạnh =(of an area, a building, a room, etc ) next to or near something

Ví dụ:

Our farm land was [adjacent] to the river.
There is a row of houses immediately [adjacent] to the factory.
The schools were [adjacent] but there were separate doors.

advocate (n) /ˈæd.və.kət/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Người chủ trương; người tán thành, người ủng hộ. =a person who supports or speaks in favour of somebody or of a public plan or action

Ví dụ:

He’s a strong [advocate] of state ownership of the railways
an [advocate] for hospital workers
She is a passionate [advocate] of “organic” clothes.

algae (n) /ˈæl.dʒiː/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Thực vật học) Tảo =very simple plants, such as seaweed, that have no real leaves, stems or roots, and that grow in or near water

Ví dụ:

The cause of death is unknown but the council is going to test for the [algae]
Wild swimming advice from NRW says “bacteria, viruses, and toxic [algae] may be present in some water” and to avoid water that “looks or smells bad”.
He said while the [algae] occurs naturally in bodies of freshwater it can be potentially dangerous and urged people and pets to stay out of the water while they await the test results.

alternative fuel (collocation) /ɔːlˈtɜː.nə.tɪv fjuːəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

những nguồn “nhiên liệu xanh” để thay thế cho xăng dầu có nguồn gốc từ hoá thạch =fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels such as coal and oil, and instead of nuclear fuel

Ví dụ:

[Alternative fuels] have gained ground
vehicles running on [alternative fuel]
Most fuel experts agree that the ideal [alternative fuel] for the future is hydrogen.

ambitious (adj) /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

tham vọng, đặt ra kỳ vọng cao =having a strong wish to be successful, powerful, or rich

Ví dụ:

the government’s [ambitious] plans for social reform
Jogging every morning? That’s very [ambitious], isn’t it?
Even as a young man he was [ambitious] and self-assured.

appliance (n) /əˈplaɪ.əns/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Đồ thiết bị, trang thiết bị, dụng cụ. =a machine that is designed to do a particular thing in the home, such as preparing food, heating or cleaning

Ví dụ:

electrical/household [appliances]
They sell a wide range of domestic [appliances]—washing machines, dishwashers and so on.
Are all of the kitchen [appliances] included in the price of the house?

appraisal (n) /əˈpreɪ.zəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự đánh giá; sự định giá. =the act of examining someone or something in order to judge their qualities, success, or needs

Ví dụ:

He had read many detailed critical [appraisals] of her work.
She was honest in her [appraisal] of her team’s chances.
All [appraisals] will be held in the next couple of weeks

aquatic (adj) /əˈkwætɪk/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sống ở nước, mọc ở nước. (Thể dục,thể thao) Chơi ở dưới nước (ví dụ bóng nước ) =connected with water

Ví dụ:

[aquatic] sports.
[aquatic] plants/life/ecosystems
The pond is quite small but can support many [aquatic] plants and fish.

bake (v) /beɪk/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Bỏ lò, nướng bằng lò. =to cook food in an oven without extra fat or liquid; to be cooked in this way

Ví dụ:

I’m [baking] a birthday cake for Alex.
the delicious smell of [baking] bread
[Bake] at 180°C for about 20 minutes.

behave (v) /bɪˈheɪv/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Ăn ở, đối xử, cư xử. =to do things in a particular way [synonym] act

Ví dụ:

The doctor [behaved] very unprofessionally.
They [behaved] very badly towards their guests.
He [behaved] like a true gentleman.

biofuel (n) /ˈbaɪ.əʊˌfjʊəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

nhiên liệu sinh học =fuel made from plant or animal sources and used in engines

Ví dụ:

[biofuels] made from sugar cane and sugar beet
energy from [biofuel] sources
But can [biofuels] really replace petroleum products?

breathe (v) /briːð/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Hít, thở. =to take air into your lungs and send it out again through your nose or mouth

Ví dụ:

He [breathed] deeply before speaking again.
The air was so cold we could hardly [breathe].
It’s so airless in here – I can hardly [breathe].

burden (n) /ˈbɜː.dən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Gánh nặng ((nghĩa đen) & (nghĩa bóng)). =a duty, responsibility, etc that causes worry, difficulty or hard work

Ví dụ:

to bear/carry/ease/reduce/share the [burden]
Buying a house often places a large financial [burden] on young couples.
I don’t want to become a [burden] to my children when I’m old.

carbon (n) /ˈkɑː.bən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Hoá học) Cacbon. =a chemical element that exists in its pure form as diamond or graphite, and is an important part of other substances such as coal and oil

Ví dụ:

New legislation aims to reduce [carbon] emissions
Iron with a high [carbon] content
All organic substances contain the element [carbon].

catastrophe (n) /kəˈtæs.trə.fi/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Tai ương, tai biến, thảm hoạ, tai hoạ lớn =a sudden event that causes many people to suffer [synonym] disaster

Ví dụ:

Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major [catastrophe].
The attempt to expand the business was a [catastrophe] for the firm
We’ve had a few [catastrophes] with the food for the party.

chimney (n) /ˈtʃɪm.ni/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Ống khói. =a structure through which smoke or steam is carried up away from a fire, etc and through the roof of a building; the part of this that is above the roof

Ví dụ:

factory [chimneys] belching smoke over the town.
A column of smoke rose from the [chimney].
This gas fire doesn’t need a [chimney].

climate (n) /ˈklaɪ.mət/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Khí hậu =the regular pattern of weather conditions of a particular place

Ví dụ:

a mild/temperate/warm/wet [climate]
the harsh [climate] of the Arctic regions
North Africa enjoys a Mediterranean [climate], characterized by rainfall concentrated in the winter months.

clutter (n) /ˈklʌt.ər/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

sự bừa bãi, lộn xộn. (một đống đồ) bừa bãi lộn xộn =(a lot of objects in) a state of being untidy

Ví dụ:

Sorry about the [clutter] in the kitchen.
My desk is covered in/full of [clutter].
The basement work area is filled with creative [clutter].

commonplace (adj) /ˈkɒm.ən.pleɪs/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

bình thường, phổ biến, chẳng có gì là lạ =done very often, or existing in many places, and therefore not unusual

Ví dụ:

Computers are now [commonplace] in primary classrooms
Electric cars are increasingly [commonplace].
Public financing for sports stadiums has become [commonplace].

conserve (v) /kənˈsɝːv/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Giữ gìn, duy trì, bảo tồn, bảo toàn. =to use as little of something as possible so that it lasts a long time

Ví dụ:

Help to [conserve] energy by insulating your home.
Renewable energy resources can help [conserve] fossil fuels and reduce carbon emissions.
To [conserve] electricity, we are cutting down on our heating.

considerably (adv) /kənˈsɪd.ər.ə.bli/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

một cách đáng kể, lớn lao, nhiều =much; a lot [synonym] significantly

Ví dụ:

The need for sleep varies [considerably] from person to person.
Interest rates on bank loans have increased [considerably] in recent years.
He’s [considerably] fatter than he was when I knew him.

consultant (n) /kənˈsʌl.tənt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Nhà chuyên môn; chuyên viên, cố vấn; người cho ý kiến; người được hỏi ý kiến =a person who knows a lot about a particular subject and is employed to give advice about it to other people

Ví dụ:

a firm of management [consultants]
the President’s [consultant] on economic affairs
Shirley’s brother is now a [consultant] heart surgeon in Sweden.

consume (v) /kənˈsjuːm/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Dùng, tiêu thụ. =to use something, especially fuel, energy or time

Ví dụ:

The electricity industry [consumes] large amounts of fossil fuels.
25 per cent of the world’s population [consumes] 80 per cent of the planet’s resources.
Our high living standards cause our current population to [consume] 25 percent of the world’s oil.

contribution (n) /ˌkɒn.trɪˈbjuː.ʃən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự đóng góp, sự góp phần; phần đóng góp, phần gánh vác. =an action or a service that helps to cause or increase something

Ví dụ:

He made a very positive [contribution] to the success of the project.
a significant [contribution] to scientific knowledge
the car’s [contribution] to the greenhouse effect

corporation (n) /ˌkɔː.pərˈeɪ.ʃən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Công ty cổ phần, tập đoàn =(abbreviation Corp ) a large business company

Ví dụ:

multinational [corporations]
the Sony [corporation]
The nation’s largest [corporation] aren’t directly affected by prime rate changes because many can borrow at rates well below the prime.

critic (n) /ˈkrɪt.ɪk/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Người chỉ trích. =a person who expresses disapproval of somebody/something and talks about their bad qualities, especially publicly

Ví dụ:

a [critic] of private health care.
Her [critics] say she is leading the party to disaster
He’s his own worst [critic] (= he judges himself severely).

cultivation (n) /ˌkʌl.tɪˈveɪ.ʃən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự cày cấy, sự trồng trọt. =the preparation and use of land for growing plants or crops

Ví dụ:

fertile land that is under [cultivation] (= being cultivated)
rice/wheat, etc [cultivation]
The [cultivation] of wheat required the most fertile lands.

dedicate (v) /ˈded.ɪ.keɪt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Cống hiến, hiến dâng; dành trọn cho =to give a lot of your time and effort to a particular activity or purpose because you think it is important [synonym] devote

Ví dụ:

He has [dedicated] his life to scientific research.
The new president said she would [dedicate] herself to protecting the rights of the sick and the homeless.
Back on the island, he [dedicated] himself to politics.

density (n) /ˈden.sɪ.ti/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự đông đúc, sự trù mật. Độ dày, mật độ, độ chặt =the number of people or things in a place when compared with the size of the place

Ví dụ:

The area has a high/low population [density].
We were unable to move because of the [density] of the crowd.
The region has a very high population [density].

deplete (v) /dɪˈpliːt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

rút sạch, làm cạn kiệt, hút cạn =to reduce something by a large amount so that there is not enough left

Ví dụ:

Food supplies were severely [depleted].
If we continue to [deplete] the earth’s natural resources, we will cause serious damage to the environment.
The illness [depletes] the body of important vitamins.

derivative (n) /dɪˈrɪv.ə.tɪv/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Hoá học) Chất dẫn xuất. (Ngôn ngữ học) Từ phái sinh. =a word or thing that has been developed or produced from another word or thing

Ví dụ:

Happiness’ is a [derivative] of ‘happy’.
Crack is a highly potent and addictive [derivative] of cocaine.
This is a [derivative] of seaweed that is currently used as a food additive.

diesel (n) /ˈdiː.zəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

dầu điêzen =a type of heavy oil used as a fuel instead of petrol/gas

Ví dụ:

a [diesel] engine (= one that burns diesel)
[diesel] cars/locomotives/trains
My new car runs on (= uses) [diesel].

dim (adj) /dɪm/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Mờ, lờ mờ, tối mờ mờ, không rõ ràng; nhìn không rõ =not bright

Ví dụ:

the [dim] glow of the fire in the grate
This light is too [dim] to read by.
Below decks, the lights were [dim].

diminish (v) /dɪˈmɪn.ɪʃ/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Bớt, giảm, hạ bớt, giảm bớt; thu nhỏ. =to become or to make something become smaller, weaker, etc. [synonym ]decrease

Ví dụ:

The world’s resources are rapidly [diminishing].
His influence has [diminished] with time.
These memories will not be [diminished] by time.

dire (adj) /daɪər/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Thảm khốc, khốc liệt, tàn khốc; kinh khủng rất nghiêm trọng =[usually before noun] (formal) very serious

Ví dụ:

These people are in [dire] need of help
He gave a [dire] warning that an earthquake was imminent
This decision will have [dire] consequences for local people.

discharge (n) /ˈdɪs.tʃɑːdʒ/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự tuôn ra, sự tháo ra, sự tiết ra, sự bốc ra, sự đổ ra, sự chảy ra. =the act of sending out waste liquid or gas

Ví dụ:

Thousands of fish were killed as a result of a [discharge] of poisonous chemicals from a nearby factory.
an oily [discharge]
Waste water [discharge] into the lagoon has also been banned.

disposable (adj) /dɪˈspəʊ.zə.bəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Có thể bỏ đi; chỉ dùng một lần (rồi vứt đi) =used to describe a product that can be bought cheaply and is meant to be thrown away after use

Ví dụ:

[disposable] nappies
a [disposable] camera
daily [disposable] contact lenses

disruption (n) /dɪsˈrʌp.ʃən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự ngắt quãng, sự gián đoạn =an interruption in the usual way that a system, process, or event works

Ví dụ:

It would cause a tremendous [disruption] to our work schedule to install a different computer system.
A crackdown on illegal-immigrant hiring could create widespread workplace [disruptions].
The accident brought widespread [disruption] on the roads.

distribute (v) /dɪˈstrɪb.juːt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Phân bổ, phân phối, phân phát. =to give things to a large number of people; to share something between a number of people. to send goods to shops/stores and businesses so that they can be sold

Ví dụ:

The newspaper is [distributed] free
The organization [distributed] food to the earthquake victims.
The money was [distributed] among schools in the area.

double (v) /ˈdʌb.əl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Làm gấp đôi, tăng gấp đôi, nhân gấp đôi =to become, or make something become, twice as much or as many

Ví dụ:

Membership almost [doubled] in two years.
[Double] all the quantities in the recipe to make enough for eight people.
The program will [double] the amount of money available to help pay for child care.

drastic (adj) /ˈdræs.tɪk/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Tác động mạnh mẽ, quyết liệt. =extreme in a way that has a sudden, serious or violent effect on something

Ví dụ:

[drastic] measures/changes
The government is threatening to take [drastic] action.
a [drastic] shortage of food

effective (adj) /ɪˈfek.tɪv/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Hữu hiệu, có kết quả. Có hiệu lực, có kết quả. =producing the result that is wanted or intended; producing a successful result

Ví dụ:

It’s an extremely [effective] remedy for a headache
She’s a very [effective] teacher.
This style of decoration is simple yet [effective].

efficient (adj) /ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Có năng suất cao, có hiệu suất cao, không lãng phí tài nguyên, thời gian, sức lực =doing something well and thoroughly with no waste of time, money or energy

Ví dụ:

the [efficient] use of energy
As we get older, our bodies become less [efficient] at burning up calories.
The city’s transport system is one of the most [efficient] in Europe

electricity (n) /ɪˌlekˈtrɪs.ə.t̬i/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Điện, điện lực. =a form of energy that can be produced in several ways and that provides power to devices that create light, heat, etc.

Ví dụ:

The [electricity] has been turned off.
an [electricity] generating company
powered/heated by [electricity]

emit (v) /ɪˈmɪt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Phát ra (ánh sáng, nhiệt ), bốc ra, tỏa ra (mùi vị, hơi ). =to send out a beam, noise, smell, or gas

Ví dụ:

The metal container began to [emit] a clicking sound.
Sulphur gases were [emitted] by the volcano.
The alarm [emits] infrared rays which are used to detect any intruder

enclosed (adj) /ɪnˈkləʊzd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(không gian) khép kín, bị đóng kín, bị vây kín chặt xung quanh =surrounded by walls, objects, or structures

Ví dụ:

He doesn’t like [enclosed] spaces
She turned on her heel and led the two men down the passage and through a dark kitchen to an [enclosed] yard.
It was an [enclosed] arena with limited avenues of escape.

encourage (v) /ɪnˈkʌr.ɪdʒ/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Khuyến khích, cổ vũ, động viên. =to persuade somebody to do something by making it easier for them and making them believe it is a good thing to do

Ví dụ:

Banks actively [encouraged] people to borrow money.
We were [encouraged] to learn foreign languages at school.
We [encourage] the victims to talk freely about their experiences.

energy efficient (adj) /ˌen.ə.dʒi ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(đồ dùng) tiết kiệm điện/nhiên liệu/năng lượng =using little electricity, gas, etc :

Ví dụ:

[energy-efficient] homes/[energy-efficient] lighting
The company has fitted [energy-efficient] lighting throughout the building.
We need to become more [energy efficient] so that we don’t generate power just to waste it.

engine (n) /ˈen.dʒɪn/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Máy động cơ. =the part of a vehicle that produces power to make the vehicle move

Ví dụ:

a diesel/petrol [engine]
My car had to have a new [engine].
The plane was forced to land because of [engine] problems.

engineer (v) /ˌen.dʒɪˈnɪər/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

thiết kế và xây dựng một cái gì đó =to design and build something

Ví dụ:

The car is beautifully [engineered] and a pleasure to drive.
Many of Kuwait’s spacious freeways were [engineered] by W S Atkins.
He [engineered] the water supply project

entirely (adv) /ɪnˈtaɪə.li/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Toàn bộ, toàn vẹn, trọn vẹn; hoàn toàn. =in every way possible; completely

Ví dụ:

I [entirely] agree with you.
I’m not [entirely] happy about the proposal.
That’s an [entirely] different matter.

entrepreneur (n) /ˌɒn.trə.prəˈnɜːr/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

người khởi nghiệp, người tự sáng lập =a person who makes money by starting or running businesses, especially when this involves taking financial risks công ty mới

Ví dụ:

He was one of the [entrepreneurs] of the 80s who made their money in property
There is also fertile ground for serial [entrepreneurs] outside these industries.
She uses successful [entrepreneurs] as mentors and role models for her students.

estimate (v) /ˈes.tɪ.meɪt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Đánh giá; ước lượng. =to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc of something

Ví dụ:

They [estimate] (that) the journey will take at least two weeks.
It is [estimated] (that) the project will last four years
It is hard to [estimate] how many children suffer from dyslexia

exhaust (n) /ɪɡˈzɔːst/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

ống xả khí thải =a pipe through which exhaust gases come out

Ví dụ:

My car needs a new [exhaust].
About all you needed then were bigger engines with bigger [exhausts]
The tail [exhaust] pipe of the motor vehicle emitted poisonous smoke

exhaust (v) /ɪɡˈzɔːst/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Làm kiệt quệ, làm rỗng, làm cạn; dốc hết, dùng hết. =to use all of something so that there is none left

Ví dụ:

Within three days they had [exhausted] their supply of food.
Don’t give up until you have [exhausted] all the possibilities.
I’m afraid he’s [exhausted] my patience.

expend (v) /ɪkˈspend/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Tiêu, tiêu dùng (tiền ). Dùng hết, dùng cạn. =(formal) to use or spend a lot of time, money, energy, etc.

Ví dụ:

She [expended] all her efforts on the care of home and children.
Smith had [expended] large sums in pursuing his claim through the court.
Most animals [expend] a lot of energy searching for food.

extend (v) /ɪkˈstend/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Kéo dài (thời hạn ), gia hạn, mở rộng. =to make something longer or larger. to make something last longer

Ví dụ:

to [extend] a fence/road/house.
The show has been [extended] for another six weeks.
We have plans to [extend] our house (= to make it bigger).

extract (v) /ɪkˈstrækt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

chiết, ép, trích xuất ra =to remove or obtain a substance from something

Ví dụ:

a machine that [extracts] excess moisture from the air
to [extract] essential oils from plants
The oil which is [extracted] from olives is used for cooking.

feat (n) /fiːt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Kỳ công, chiến công Ngón điêu luyện, ngón tài ba =an action or a piece of work that needs skill, strength or courage

Ví dụ:

The Eiffel Tower is a remarkable [feat] of engineering.
She performed remarkable [feats] of organization for the company.
a [feat] of arms — chiến công

feedstock (n) /ˈfiːd.stɒk/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Nguyên liệu cấp cho máy để chế biến =material that is used in an industrial process

Ví dụ:

The company has started recycling plastic waste as [feedstock] in its iron furnaces.
Changing these supply routes will most likely mean higher [feedstock] prices for two of Germany’s biggest refineries, feeding into higher prices for end consumers.
Palm oil, the most widely used edible oil, is also used as biodiesel [feedstock].

fivefold (adj) /ˈfaɪv.fəʊld/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Gấp năm lần =five times as big or as much

Ví dụ:

a [fivefold] rise in share prices
Figures show that sales have soared more than [fivefold] in the past five years.
It has been reported this week that sales of perm kits have doubled and of electric blue mascara have increased [fivefold].

fleet (n) /fliːt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Đội tàu, hạm đội. Đội máy bay, phi đội =a group of military ships commanded by the same person

Ví dụ:

a [fleet] of destroyers
Nelson destroyed the Franco-Spanish [fleet] at the Battle of Trafalgar
The damage inflicted upon the British [fleet] was devastating.

flight (n) /flaɪt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự bay; chuyến bay. =a journey made by air, especially in a plane

Ví dụ:

We met on a [flight] from London to Paris.
All [flights] between New York and Washington have been cancelled due to fog.
Passengers are requested to check in two hours before the [flight].

fluorescent (adj) /flɔːˈres.ənt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Huỳnh quang. =(of a substance) giving off a very bright light when electricity or other waves go through it

Ví dụ:

a [fluorescent] lamp (= one that uses such a substance)
[fluorescent] lighting
The map was marked with a thin, [fluorescent]-green line.

fossil fuel (n) /ˈfɒs.ɪl ˌfjʊəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

nhiên liệu hoá thạch (dầu mỏ, khí đổt, than đá, v v ) =fuel such as coal or oil, that was formed over millions of years from the remains of animals or plants

Ví dụ:

Carbon dioxide is produced in huge amounts when [fossil fuels] are burned.
Gas is the only [fossil fuel] without environmental problems.
The second most prominent and naturally most abundant [fossil fuel] is coal.

fraction (n) /ˈfræk.ʃən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Toán học) Phân số. Phần nhỏ, miếng nhỏ. =a small part or amount of something

Ví dụ:

Only a small [fraction] of a bank’s total deposits will be withdrawn at any one time.
She hesitated for the merest [fraction] of a second.
He raised his voice a [fraction].

fresh water (collocation) /freʃ ˈwɔː.tər/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

nước ngọt =water that is not salty

Ví dụ:

[freshwater] fish — cá nước ngọt
Lake Superior is the world’s largest body of [fresh water].
The state currently does not have the funds needed to transform seawater into [fresh water]

fuel (n) /fjʊəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Chất đốt, nhiên liệu. =any material that produces heat or power, usually when it is burnt

Ví dụ:

Wood, coal, oil, petrol, and gas are all different kinds of [fuel].
Plutonium is a [fuel] used to produce nuclear energy.
nuclear fuelunleaded [fuel]

fumes (n) /fjuːmz/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

khói độc, khí thải có hại cho sức khoẻ =smoke, gas, or something similar that smells strongly or is dangerous to breathe in

Ví dụ:

diesel/petrol/exhaust [fumes]
to be overcome by smoke and [fumes]
Neighbors complain about [fumes] from the nearby sewage treatment plant.

fund (v) /fʌnd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

cấp vốn, tài trợ =to provide money for something, usually something official

Ví dụ:

a dance festival [funded] by the Arts Council
The museum is privately [funded].
a government-[funded] programme

gas (n) /ɡæs/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Từ mỹ,nghĩa mỹ) , (thông tục) dầu xăng. =(uk petrol) a liquid obtained from petroleum, used especially as a fuel for cars, aircraft, and other vehicles:

Ví dụ:

I’ll stop and get some [gas] – we’re running low.
a [gas] tank/pump
We’re running low on [gas].

gasoline (n) /ˈɡæs.əl.iːn/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Từ mỹ,nghĩa mỹ) Xăng, dầu xăng =a substance in a form like air that is used as a fuel for heating and cooking

Ví dụ:

I fill up the tank with [gasoline] about once a week.
leaded/unleaded [gasoline]
The mother had warned them that heat from the kitchen might ignite the [gasoline] in the fuel tank.

hazard (n) /ˈhæz.əd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Mối nguy =a thing that can be dangerous or cause damage

Ví dụ:

a fire/safety [hazard].
Growing levels of pollution represent a serious health [hazard] to the local population.
The busy traffic entrance was a [hazard] to pedestrians.

hence (adv) /hens/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Do đó, vì thế, vì lý do đó. =for this reason

Ví dụ:

His mother was Italian, [hence] his name – Luca.
The prime minister was attending the conference, [hence] all the extra security
He’s just got a pay rise, [hence] the new car.

homegrown (adj) /ˌhəʊmˈɡrəʊn/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(nghĩa đen) của nhà trồng được. (nghĩa bóng) nội địa, không phải ngoại nhập =produced in or existing locally

Ví dụ:

She’s a [homegrown] talent.
[homegrown] vegetables
With a little time and effort, but with very little cost, they can fill their gardens with [homegrown] plants.

honour (v) /ˈɒn.ər/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

tôn vinh, tán thưởng, trao thưởng cho ai vì những đóng góp của họ =to give public praise, an award or a title to somebody for something they have done

Ví dụ:

He has been [honoured] with a knighthood for his scientific work.
The town has [honoured] his bravery by erecting a memorial.
Talented writers were [honoured] at a special ceremony

hurdle (n) /ˈhɜː.dəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Nghĩa bóng) Vật chướng ngại. =a problem or difficulty that must be solved or dealt with before you can achieve something [synonym] obstacle

Ví dụ:

The next [hurdle] will be getting her parents’ agreement.
Well we’ve cleared the first [hurdle]; let’s see what happens next.
We worked hard for three months on the deal only to see it fall at the final [hurdle]

hybrid (adj) /ˈhaɪ.brɪd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(phương tiện giao thông) chạy bằng cả xăng dầu và điện =(of a vehicle) using two different types of power, especially petrol/gas or diesel (1) and electricity

Ví dụ:

a [hybrid] car/vehicle
A [hybrid] car could save you hundreds of pounds at the petrol pump.
The law will allow [hybrid] vehicles to use carpool lanes on motorways.

hydrogen (n) /ˈhaɪ.drə.dʒən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Hóa học) Hyđrô. =a chemical element that is the lightest gas, has no colour, taste, or smell, and combines with oxygen to form water

Ví dụ:

We know that the Moon is low on certain chemicals such as [hydrogen] and carbon.
In the water molecule there are three atoms: two of [hydrogen] and one of oxygen.
Once a star has burnt most of its [hydrogen] to helium, it starts to cool

immense (adj) /ɪˈmens/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

rất lớn, vô cùng lớn =extremely large or great [synonym] enormous

Ví dụ:

There is still an [immense] amount of work to be done.
The benefits are [immense].
a project of [immense] importance

import (v) /ɪmˈpɔːt/ (v): to bring a product, a service, an idea, etc into one country from another UK US

Định nghĩa:

Nhập, nhập khẩu (hàng hoá ). =to bring a product, a service, an idea, etc into one country from another

Ví dụ:

The country has to [import] most of its raw materials.
goods [imported] from Japan into the US
We [import] a large number of cars from Japan.

indeed (adv) /ɪnˈdiːd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Thực vậy, thực sự, thực mà, thật mà, quả thực, thực lại là =used to emphasize a positive statement or answer

Ví dụ:

Was he very angry?’ ‘[Indeed] he was
When we asked to see more we were refused. [Indeed] we were escorted away by men with guns.
Do you agree?’ ‘Indeed I do/Yes, [indeed]

inexpensive (adj) /ˌɪn.ɪkˈspen.sɪv/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Không đắt, rẻ. =not costing a lot of money

Ví dụ:

a relatively [inexpensive] hotel
They sell [inexpensive] children’s clothes.
It’s an [inexpensive] perfume.

laden (adj) /ˈleɪ.dən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

chứa đầy cái gì đó =heavily loaded with something (literary) full of something, especially something unpleasant

Ví dụ:

passengers [laden] with luggage
The trees were [laden] with apples.
He always comes back from France [laden] with presents for everyone

limit (v) /ˈlɪm.ɪt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Giới hạn, hạn chế. =to stop something from increasing beyond a particular amount or level. [synonym][ ]restrict

Ví dụ:

measures to [limit] carbon dioxide emissions from cars
The amount of money you have to spend will [limit] your choice
I’ve been asked to [limit] my speech to ten minutes maximum.

magnitude (n) /ˈmæɡ.nɪ.tuːd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Tầm lớn, độ lớn, lượng, tầm quan trọng, tính chất trọng đại. =the large size or importance of something

Ví dụ:

They don’t seem to grasp the [magnitude] of the problem.
They may feel discouraged at the [magnitude] of the task before them
The size and [magnitude] of the room overwhelmed Enela.

microwave (n) /ˈmaɪ.krəˌweɪv/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

lò vi sóng =a type of oven that cooks or heats food very quickly using electromagnetic waves rather than heat

Ví dụ:

Reheat the soup in the [microwave].
[microwave] cookery/meals
Put the fish in the [microwave] and it’ll only take five minutes.

myth (n) /mɪθ/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

một điều được tin rộng rãi, nhưng không có cơ sở khoa học =something that many people believe but that does not exist or is false [synonym] fallacy

Ví dụ:

Contrary to popular [myth], women are not worse drivers than men
Statistics disprove the [myth] that women are worse drivers than men.
However, Kay wants to expose this belief as a fashion [myth].

needlessly (adv) /ˈniːd.ləs.li/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Thừa, vô ích, một cách không cần thiết =in a way that is not necessary because it could have been avoided [synonym] unnecessarily

Ví dụ:

She’d worried [needlessly] about whether there would be enough food
The process was [needlessly] slow.
The war was [needlessly] prolonged

non-renewable (adj) /ˌnɒn.rɪˈnjuː.ə.bəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(năng lượng, tài nguyên) không thể tái tạo được =(of natural resources such as gas or oil) that cannot be replaced after use

Ví dụ:

Oil, natural gas, and coal are [non-renewable] fuels.
Fossil fuels are [non-renewable] and rapidly running out.
Green power is displacing power that would have come from a [non-renewable] source.

offset (v) /ˌɒfˈset/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Bù lại, đền bù, bù đắp. =to balance one influence against an opposing influence, so that there is no great difference as a result

Ví dụ:

Prices have risen in order to [offset] the increased cost of materials
The extra cost of travelling to work is [offset] by the lower price of houses here.
The price of petrol products was [offset] by a decline in motor vehicle prices.

optical fibre (n) /ˌɒp.tɪ.kəl ˈfaɪ.bər/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

sợi quang học, cáp quang =a thin glass thread through which light can be transmitted (= sent)

Ví dụ:

Nearly every long-distance call made in Britain now travels on [optical fibre] instead of cable.
The other essential for the cloud to get up to full working speed is a network based on[optical fibres].
[Optical fibre] networks could make the internet 15 times faster.

orangutan (n) /ɔːˈræŋ.ə.tæn/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Đười ươi hay còn gọi là dã nhân hay người rừng =a large ape (= an animal like a large monkey with no tail) with long arms and reddish hair, that lives in Borneo and Sumatra

Ví dụ:

Female [orangutans] are half the size of males.
An [orangutan] may be taller, may have very strong and agile arms and long canines, but if it does not know how to use these as weapons, they are of little use.
Does an [orangutan] have the same emotions we do?