Strategies for the IELTS 1 – Test 1
22/10/2024 2024-10-22 2:06Strategies for the IELTS 1 – Test 1
PART 1
Questions
1 – 10
Questions 1-10. Complete the notes below. Write no more than TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Cycling holiday in Austria Example Most suitable holiday lasts 10 days. Holiday begins on 1
No more than 2
people in cycling group. Each day, group cycles 3
on average. Some of the hotels have a 4
Holiday costs 5£
per person without flights. All food included except 6
Essential to bring a 7
Discount possible on equipment at www. 8
.com Possible that the 9
may change. Guided tour of a 10
is arranged.
PART 2
Questions
11 – 14
Questions 11-14. Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
- 11
The market is now situated
- A
under a car park.
Bbeside the cathedral.
Cnear the river.
- 12
On only one day a week the market sells
- A
antique furniture.
Blocal produce.
Chand-made items.
- 13
The area is well known for
- A
ice cream.
Ba cake.
Ca fish dish.
- 14
What change has taken place in the harbour area?
- A
Fish can now be bought from the fishermen.
BThe restaurants have moved to a different part.
CThere are fewer restaurants than there used to be.
Questions
15 – 20
Questions 15-20. Which advantage is mentioned for each of the following restaurants? Choose SIX answers from the box.
Advantages A the decoration B easy parking C entertainment D excellent service E good value F good views G quiet location H wide menu |
PART 3
Questions
21 – 26
Questions 21-26. Complete the flow-chart below. Choose SIX answers from the box.

A actors B furniture C background noise D costumes E local council F equipment G shooting schedule H understudies I shopowners |
Questions
27 – 30
Questions 27-30. Choose four answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-G, next to questions 27-30.

A lights B fixed camera C mirror D torches E wooden screen F bike G large box |
PART 4
Questions
31 – 40
Questions 31-40. Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

Chỗ trống 31
Chỗ trống 32
Chỗ trống 33
Chỗ trống 34
Chỗ trống 35
Chỗ trống 36
Chỗ trống 37
Chỗ trống 38
Chỗ trống 39
Chỗ trống 40
PART 1
Questions
1 – 10Questions 1-10. Complete the notes below. Write no more than TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Giải thích đáp án
Man: ‘Holidays for You’. Sean Speaking. Can I help you?
Woman: Oh hi. I’ve been looking at your website. Um, I’m interested in a cycling holiday in Austria in April.
Man: Ah! We have two trips in April – one lasts fourteen days and the other ten days.
Woman: Mm … I think the 10-day trip is better. So let’s see. I’ve got a calendar here. What are the dates?
Man: Well, that trip is in the middle of the month. (Q1) It starts on (= begins on) the 17th of April and it finishes on the 27th. [Nó bắt đầu vào ngày 17 tháng 4 và nó kết thúc vào ngày 27]
Woman: That suits me. I can’t leave work before the 10th of April.
Man: Let me see if there are any spaces. Is it just for yourself?
Woman: Myself and my sister – so two of us.
Man: Um, yes. We have spaces.
Woman: Is it a big group?
Man: At the moment there are 12 people booked on this trip and with you two that will be 14. (Q2) The maximum number (= no more than) is 16 so it’s almost fully booked. [Số lượng tối đa là 16 nên gần như đã kín chỗ] We can’t go over that because it’s hard to keep a larger group together.
Woman: l need to check that I’m fit enough for this but the distances look OK. (Q3) The website says we’ll ride approximately 45 km a day. [Trang web cho biết chúng tôi sẽ đạp xe khoảng 45 km mỗi ngày] Is that right?
Man: That’s correct [Chính xác] and I’ve got the exact distances here. It really depends on which part of the trip, Some days are only 35 km and some are more. But you’!! never have to cycle more than 50km in one day.
Woman: Oh, OK. I can manage that. And we stay in hotels?
Man: Yes. They all have restaurants and the rooms have en-suite facilities.
Woman: And do they have pools? It’s how I relax after a long day.
Man: (Q4) There is a (swimming) pool in a few of the hotels but none of them has a gym. [Có hồ bơi ở một số khách sạn nhưng không cái nào trong số chúng có phòng tập thể dục]
Woman: I don’t think we’ll need a gym after all that cycling! I’d better find out how much the holiday costs before I get too excited.
Man: Including flights it’s £1,177 for one person.
Woman: Oh, we’ll book our own flights on the Internet.
Man: (Q5) Ah, that’s just £1,013 then. [À, vậy thì chỉ còn £1,013 thôi] And we can book insurance for you if you want.
Woman: Mm … and which meals are included in that price?
Man: Well, er, breakfast of course. And the hotels will provide you with a packed lunch each day.
Man: (Q6) We do stop during the afternoon in a village somewhere for a rest, so any snacks you buy then are extra. [vì vậy bất kỳ đồ ăn nhẹ nào bạn mua sau đó đều tính phụ phí] Then dinner will be in the hotel every evening and that’s included in the price of the holiday.
Woman: And you provide the bicycles of course. What else?
Man: A lock and a bell come with the bike as well as lights, although you shouldn’t need to cycle in the dark. There’s a small bag, or pannier, on the front of the bike, where you can put the things you want to take with you during the day like water or fruit.
Man: (Q7) But we won’t allow you to cycle unless you bring (= essential to bring) a helmet. [Nhưng chúng tôi sẽ không cho phép bạn đạp xe trừ khi bạn mang theo mũ bảo hiểm] We don’t provide these locally because, like walking boots on a walking holiday, it’s really important it fits properly.
Woman: OK.
Man: If there’s any special gear you need for your holiday, we recommend a particular website and you can get a discount by quoting your booking reference.
Woman: Great. What is it?
Man: (Q8) It’s www.ballantyne.com. [Đó là www.ballantyne.com] That’s all one word, and I’ll spell it for you: www dot B-A double L-A-N-T-Y-N-E dot com [www chấm B-A hai chữ L-A-N-T-Y-N-E chấm com]
Woman: Good. I’ve got that down. I’ve been looking at your website while we’ve been talking. I see we cycle along the river Danube?
Man: Yes, it’s one of Europe’s most well-known areas for cycling.
Woman: It looks fascinating – lots ·of beautiful countryside and things to see.
Man: (Q9) I should warn you that we do reserve the right to make some alterations to the route if the weather is bad. [Tôi nên cảnh báo bạn rằng chúng tôi có quyền thực hiện một số thay đổi đối với tuyến đường nếu thời tiết xấu] Some of the tracks sometimes get very muddy.
Woman: OK. Well, hopefully it won’t rain too much! I know we stop in towns and villages but do we get a chance to look around? Because I’m really interested in history.
Man: Oh yes, you get opportunities to explore. Is there something in particular you want to see?
Woman: (Q10) There’s a theatre in a town called Grein. [Có một nhà hát ở thị trấn tên là Grein] A friend of mine went there last year and said it was amazing.
Man: Let’s see. Um, ah yes, there’s a guide who’ll take you round the building. We don’t have any other tours arranged but you can visit several castles and museums on the holiday.
Woman: Well, thank you for all that information. I’d like to book that then.
Man: Right. Well, I’ll just …
PART 2
Questions
11 – 14Questions 11-14. Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
- 11
The market is now situated
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
- A
under a car park.
Bbeside the cathedral.
Cnear the river.
Giải thích đáp án
CÂU HỎI 11 | TRANSCRIPT & GIẢI THÍCH |
The market is now situated A. under a car park. B. beside the cathedral. C. near the river. | Well, most of us buy our food in supermarkets these days but we’re very lucky to have a wonderful market here. It was originally on the piece of land in front of the cathedral but at the beginning of the twentieth century it was moved to a site by the river. When the new shopping centre was built in the 1960s, it found a home beneath the multi-storey car park where it still is [Khi trung tâm mua sắm mới được xây dựng vào những năm 1960, nó nằm ở bên dưới bãi đậu xe nhiều tầng, hiện giờ nó vẫn ở đó] |
DỊCH NGHĨA | |
Hiện nay chợ nằm ở A. dưới một bãi đậu xe. B. bên cạnh thánh đường. C. gần sông. |
- 12
On only one day a week the market sells
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
- A
antique furniture.
Blocal produce.
Chand-made items.
Giải thích đáp án
CÂU HỎI 12 | TRANSCRIPT & GIẢI THÍCH |
On only one day a week the market sells A. antique furniture. B. local produce. C. hand-made items. | John: The market is now open six days a week. On Tuesday to Saturday you can buy fresh fruit and vegetables, meat and cheese from the area, as well as a whole range of imported produce. John: But if you come on a Sunday, you’ll find a different market where craftspeople sell what they have made -things like bags, cards, clothes. [Nhưng nếu bạn đến vào Chủ nhật, bạn sẽ thấy một khu chợ khác, nơi những người thợ thủ công bán những thứ họ làm ra – như túi xách, thiệp, quần áo]
|
DỊCH NGHĨA | |
Vào một ngày duy nhất trong tuần, chợ bán A. đồ nội thất cổ. B. sản vật địa phương. C. đồ thủ công |
- 13
The area is well known for
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
- A
ice cream.
Ba cake.
Ca fish dish.
Giải thích đáp án
CÂU HỎI 13 | TRANSCRIPT & GIẢI THÍCH |
The area is well known for A. ice cream. B. a cake. C. a fish dish. | John: People often ask what our local dish is. As we’re by the sea, they expect it to be some kind of fish recipe. Our fish is good of course but there isn’t one particular dish that stands out. John: What we do have is an apple cake that isn’t really made anywhere else. [Những gì chúng tôi có là một chiếc bánh táo không có a ở bất kỳ nơi nào khác] |
DỊCH NGHĨA | |
Khu vực này nổi tiếng với A. kem. B. một loại bánh. C. một món cá. |
- 14
What change has taken place in the harbour area?
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
- A
Fish can now be bought from the fishermen.
BThe restaurants have moved to a different part.
CThere are fewer restaurants than there used to be.
Giải thích đáp án
CÂU HỎI 14 | TRANSCRIPT & GIẢI THÍCH |
What change has taken place in the harbour area? A. Fish can now be bought from the fishermen. B. The restaurants have moved to a different part. C. There are fewer restaurants than there used to be. | John: Most of the restaurants used to be at the far end, but that part was redeveloped and the restaurant had to relocate to the other end. [Hầu hết các nhà hàng từng ở phía xa, nhưng khu vực đó đã được phát triển lại và nhà hàng phải chuyển đến phía bên kia] |
DỊCH NGHĨA | |
Thay đổi gì đã diễn ra trong khu vực bến cảng? A. Bây giờ có thể mua cá từ ngư dân. B. Các nhà hàng đã chuyển đến một nơi khác. C. Có ít nhà hàng hơn trước đây. |
Questions
15 – 20Questions 15-20. Which advantage is mentioned for each of the following restaurants? Choose SIX answers from the box.
Advantages A the decoration B easy parking C entertainment D excellent service E good value F good views G quiet location H wide menu |
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
D
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
H
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
F
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
G
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
C
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
Giải thích đáp án
I’m now going to give you my ‘Top Six Places to Eat’ in different parts of the town.
So Number 1 for me is Merrivales, which is in one of the busiest parts of the town leading down to the harbour. It’s in a side street so it doesn’t look out over the water but it’s very close, so you can take a walk after your meal and find one of the cafés with live music.
At Merrivales you can enjoy delicious fresh fish and seafood. (Q15) The friendly staff offer very attentive service and a really enjoyable evening. (= excellent service) (=> D) [Các nhân viên thân thiện cung cấp dịch vụ rất chu đáo và một buổi tối thực sự thú vị]
The Lobster Pot is on the main road going down to the harbour so it also misses out on the sea vièw, but the food makes up for that.
(Q16) It serves a huge range of fish and seafood as well as vegetarian and meat dishes so there’s something for everyone. (= wide menu) (=> H) [Nhà hàng phục vụ rất nhiều loại cá và hải sản cũng như các món ăn chay và thịt nên luôn có thứ gì đó cho tất cả mọi người.] Prices are from mid-range to fairly expensive so it’s really only for a special occasion.
Elliots is in the city centre and is a very upmarket restaurant in the evening but during the day it serves lunch and coffee.
(Q17) It’s on the twentieth floor above some offices and it’s a great place to sit for a while as you can see most of the city spread out from there. (= good views) (=> F) [Nó nằm trên tầng 20, phía trên một số văn phòng và đó là một nơi tuyệt vời để ngồi lại một lúc vì bạn có thể nhìn thấy hầu hết thành phố trải rộng từ đó]
It does get very busy though and you may have to wait to be served.
Not far from the city centre is The Cabin which is on the canal bank.
You can’t park your car there – it’s a fifteen-minute walk from the nearest car park – (Q18) but it’s very peaceful, a good place to relax away from the traffic. (= quiet location) (=> G) [nhưng nó rất yên bình, một nơi tốt để thư giãn tránh xa giao thông]
It’s not cheap but it’s an ideal place for a long lunch.
The Olive Tree is a family-run restaurant in the city centre offering beautifully prepared Greek dishes.
It’s well known locally and very popular. Service can be slow when it’s busy as all the food is freshly made. There’s plenty of room and on Friday and Saturday nights, (Q19) the wooden floors resound with live music and dancing which is certainly worth going for. (= entertainment) (=> C) [sàn gỗ dội lại tiếng nhạc sống và khiêu vũ, điều này chắc chắn đáng để trải nghiệm]
The last place I want to recommend has only just opened in a converted school building. The Old School Restaurant has been very cleverly renovated.
(Q20) The use of mirrors, plants and the colours on the walls makes you feel as though you’re in a large garden instead of the city centre. (= the decoration) (=> A) [Việc sử dụng gương, cây cối và màu sắc trên tường khiến bạn có cảm giác như đang ở trong một khu vườn rộng lớn thay vì trung tâm thành phố] There are only a few dishes on the menu but they change every day.
PART 3
Questions
21 – 26Questions 21-26. Complete the flow-chart below. Choose SIX answers from the box.

A actors B furniture C background noise D costumes E local council F equipment G shooting schedule H understudies I shopowners |
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
C
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
E
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
G
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
H
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
B
Giải thích đáp án
Reza: Hi Mike.
Mike: Hi Reza, this is Helen.
Helen: Hello!
Mike: We’re really pleased you’ve agreed to join us on this film project.
Helen: Yes, your experience is going to be so useful.
Reza: Well, I hope so. It’s the technical side I know best -lighting, sound and stuff.
Mike: But you think the script is OK?
Reza: Yes, I think it’s great! Um, have you decided where you’re going to shoot?
Helen: Well, there’s the water-mill scene at the end. And we’ve thought about some locations in town we can use.
Helen: They’re behind the shopping mall and on a couple of residential streets. And in an empty shop on campus. It means we don’t have to worry about getting permission from a shop owner.
Mike: So do you think we should go to all the locations with you?
Reza: It would be a good idea. (Q21) We need to talk about (= discuss) the levels of background noise (=> C) [Chúng ta cần nói về mức độ tiếng ồn xung quanh] so we know they’re all going to be reasonable places to film.
Mike: But the sounds of traffic will make it more natural.
Helen: I think Reza means things like aeroplanes, trains and so on that would mean we have to stop filming.
Reza: Exactly. And also I’ll make notes for myself about what lighting I’m going to need. I think the university department has a good range of equipment, but I’ll need to make a list for each location for my own reference.
Reza: Anyway, once we’ve had a look round, you can do the roadworks check.
Mike: What do you mean?
Reza: You need to find out about building work or roadworks. Because you could start filming one day and come back in the morning to find one of the roads has been dug up! (Q22) The local council has to be informed about things like that so you can find out from them. (=> E) [Hội đồng địa phương phải được thông báo về những thứ như vậy nên bạn có thể tìm hiểu từ họ]
Mike: OK. Then I think we need to work from the script and put together a list of all the scenes and decide which ones we’re going to film when. (Q23) We need to prepare (= plan) the shooting schedule (=> G) [Chúng ta cần chuẩn bị lịch quay], day by day.
Reza: You’re right. Then when you know how long filming is going to last, you can tell everyone when they’re needed.
Helen: OK, so as soon as we can, we’ll audition, and then when we contact people to offer them parts we can send the exact dates and make really sure they are free. (Q24) Because often the actors are all enthusiastic but then when you try to pin them down about whether they’re really free at that time (recheck the availability) (=> A) [Bởi vì thường thì các diễn viên đều rất nhiệt tình nhưng sau đó khi bạn cố gắng chặn họ lại để xem liệu họ có thực sự rảnh vào thời điểm đó không], you find they’ve got exams or something, or they’re off to a festival just before and you have to rush about looking for replacements.
Mike: Then, we need people who can take over the main parts if one of our stars falls ill or something.
Reza: Yes, I agree. So offer the main parts to the people we really want, and then look at other volunteers who were OK.
Helen: Yes. (Q25) We can select the understudies once the main roles have been confirmed. (=> C) [Chúng tôi có thể chọn học sinh sau khi các vai chính đã được xác nhận] So, once we’ve got that sorted and we’ve held all the rehearsals of the main scenes, we’ll be ready to start filming.
Reza: Yes, that sounds good. Anything else?
Mike: Er, well, just housekeeping, really. We don’t actually need costumes because actors will wear their own clothes. (Q26) My family has agreed to lend us some pieces of furniture which we need, so we’ll go and fetch (= collect) those the weekend before we start. (=> B) [Gia đình tôi đã đồng ý cho chúng ta mượn một số đồ nội thất mà chúng ta cần, vì vậy chúng ta sẽ đi lấy những thứ đó vào cuối tuần trước khi bắt đầu]
Helen: We’ll provide food and drink during shooting so I’m going to borrow some cool-boxes.
Mike: And I’ve got a little van. Most of the locations are within walking distance of the halls of residence anyway. The only one further away is the water-mill.
Reza: Ah, yes, can you tell me about that?
Mike: Urn, OK. Er, hang on a minute, I’ll get my notes. There’s a plan in them.
Questions
27 – 30Questions 27-30. Choose four answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-G, next to questions 27-30.

A lights B fixed camera C mirror D torches E wooden screen F bike G large box |
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
B
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
E
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
G
Giải thích đáp án
Mike: Here’s the mill. You see, basically you have a vertical water-wheel which was used to power the grinding stones.
Reza: Mm, it sounds really interesting. Will we film inside?
Helen: Yes. That’s where the final scene between the girl and the man takes place. (Q27) Our plan is to fix one camera (= fixed camera) outside by the window next to the door to film through the window (=> B) [Kế hoạch của chúng tôi là cố định một camera bên ngoài cửa sổ, cạnh cửa để quay phim qua cửa sổ], and then have another handheld camera inside the mill. That means we can get two views of the same scene. We were going to do something using a mirror, but we decided that would be too complicated.
Mike: Yes, by doing it that way, (Q28) all we’ll need is lights on the inside, next to the wall behind the wheel (=> A) [tất cả những gì chúng ta cần là đèn ở bên trong, bên cạnh bức tường phía sau tay lái] which can shine across to the opposite wall.
Reza: Hmm. Will that give enough light?
Helen: I think so, because the scene is in the evening; it shouldn’t be too bright. The actors will be carrying torches too.
Mike: (Q29) And we’ll have an old screen made of wood (= wooden screen) just inside the door (=> E) [Và chúng ta sẽ có một màn hình cũ làm bằng gỗ ngay bên trong cửa], because it’s a new door and it’ll look wrong. The lights won’t shine directly on it so it’ll be fine.
Reza: So you won’t actually show the door open?
Mike: No. (Q30) There’s a huge box (= large box) on the floor against the wall farthest from the wheel (=> G) [Có một hộp lớn trên sàn dựa vào bức tường xa bánh xe nhất]. We’ll see the girl approaching the mill on her bike.
Mike: Then we see through the window and the man is inside looking at it, then the next shot is the girl, in the room with him, opening the box.
Reza: So it’ll be a mysterious ending! Well, I think it’s going to be a great project.
Mike: Good.
Helen: Thanks!
PART 4
Questions
31 – 40Questions 31-40. Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

Giải thích đáp án
Good afternoon. I want this afternoon as an introduction to our ecology module to offer examples of exotic pests -non-native animals or plants which are, or may be, causing problems -which might prove a fruitful topic for seminar papers later in the term.
People and products are criss-crossing the world as never before, and on these new global highways, plants and animals are travelling too.
Exotic plants and animals are turning up in Antarctica and on the most remote islands on Earth.
For example, the Australian red-backed spider – it’s made its way to countries fairly near home, such as New Zealand and Japan, as some of you may know -well, it’s also been found on Tristan da Cunha, (Q31) which is a remote island thousands of miles from anywhere, way out in the middle of (the) Atlantic. [đó là một hòn đảo xa xôi hàng ngàn dặm cách xa bất cứ nơi nào, ngay ở giữa Đại Tây Dương]
Now, another famous animal invader in the other direction, so to speak, from England to Australia in the southern hemisphere, is the rabbit.
This was in 1830 and it might seem less of a threat, but it became an extraordinarily destructive pest.
The fact that rabbits increased so rapidly is perhaps more understandable when we remind ourselves that they had originally been introduced to England from continental Europe eight centuries earlier. (= 800 years ago: imported into England)
(Q32) This was because they were regarded as a (luxury) food (source) [Điều này là do chúng được coi là nguồn thực phẩm cao cấp], and in spite of having warm fur, they probably originated on the hot dry plains of Spain, which of course explains why they thrive in the climate of Australia.
A much less cuddly example of a pest introduced to Australia, this time from America, is fire ants. These are increasing and spreading very fast.
(Q33) Their huge nests can now be found (in) gardens in the city of Brisbane [những chiếc tổ khổng lồ của chúng giờ đây có thể được tìm thấy những khu vườn ở thành phố Brisbane] and they are costing the Australian government a great deal of money in control measures.
These were an accidental introduction, rather than a deliberate one, brought to Australia, probably in horticultural imports or in mud on second-hand machinery.
As a biologist and conservationist, I have become increasingly concerned about these matters. Exotic invasions are irreversible and deserve to be taken more seriously even when they aren’t particularly damaging.
For example, something that is not necessarily a major disaster compared to other ecological experiments: (Q34) in 1975 an Australian species of earthworms was deliberately introduced to the northern hemisphere [vào năm 1975, một loài giun đất của Úc đã được đưa đến bán cầu bắc một cách có chủ ý], in Scotland, because they were bigger than the natives.
(Q35) The aim was that they would be more effective than native species, but in fact they don’t do more (= not effective) for the soil (condition) [Mục đích là chúng sẽ hiệu quả hơn các loài bản địa, nhưng trên thực tế chúng không làm được gì nhiều hơn cho điều kiện đất] than the smaller locals which they displace. Although they don’t do a lot of harm, as far as we know up to now, this will probably prove to have been a mistake.
A much more serious case, also in Scotland, as well as other countries, along with the latest victim, Iceland, is the New Zealand flatworm.
(Q36) This is a most unwelcome newcomer in these regions of north-west Europe. [Đây là một giống loài mới không được chào đón nhất ở các khu vực phía tây bắc châu Âu] Basically, this flatworm came into these countries by accident.
It’s now been realised that (Q37) it was actually carried in the (= inside) plant pots [nó thực sự được mang tới trong các chậu cây]containing exotic ornamental shrubs and so on, and as it eats local earthworms, and doesn’t benefit the local ecology in any way, it is a real pest.
Next, there’s a further instance, this time in the water and it comes from Japan. It’s a delicious but very fast-spreading seaweed and is one of many exotic species, large and small, in the seas covering the rocks around Australia.
Unfortunately, (Q38) it is replacing indigenous seaweed(s) [nó đang thay thế rong biển bản địa] and permanently altering the ecosystem.
However, to look at the situation from a business point of view -it is now being harvested and exported, dried, back to Japan, its original home, where it’s particularly popular.
So sometimes we may find accidental benefits from apparently harmful arrivals. Well, you could say that world ecology is now going the same way as popular culture.
Global music and fashions, food and drinks are taking over from local ones in every land. And in ecosystems, we find vigorous exotic invaders overwhelming native species and natural habitats.
But can we find any examples of invaders which appear to be a problem and then find that in fact they may not be such a big issue after all?
We might take as an example a native of Australia, the budgerigar, the most common pet parrot in the world, of course. Because there have been many escapes over the years, it is now to be found flying about in feral flocks where the climate suits it.
So, these flocks of budgerigars have been getting very numerous (Q39) in the south-east of the United States, particularly in residential areas (= urban areas). [ở phía đông nam Hoa Kỳ, đặc biệt là ở các khu dân cư] People have been getting quite worried about this, but it has been observed that the size of the flocks has diminished somewhat recently.
(Q40) The fact that they are smaller is thought to be due to the fact that (new) competitors for their habitat have arrived from other places. [Việc chúng có kích cỡ nhỏ hơn được cho là do các loài cạnh tranh mới cho môi trường sống của chúng đã đến từ những nơi khác]
That’s the last example for now. What I’d like you to consider is this: Is the planet Earth moving towards a one-world ecosystem? How far would it be a wholly bad development?