Path to Success - Test 2 - Khóa học sinh viên Drive

Part 1

Questions

1 – 6

Questions 1-6 Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

PRESTON PARK RUN Details of run Example Day of Park Run: Saturday ————————– Start of run: in front of the 1

Time of start: 2

A.M. Length of run: 3

kilometres At end of run: volunteer scans a 4

Best way to register: on the 5

Cose of run: 6£

Questions

7 – 10

Questions 7-10 Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

Volunteering Contact name: Pete 7

Phone number: 8

Activities: setting up course 9

the runners 10

for the weekly report

Part 2

Questions

11 – 14

Questions 11-17 Answer the questions below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Chỗ trống 11: 11

Chỗ trống 12: 12

Chỗ trống 13: 13

Chỗ trống 14: 14

Questions

15 – 20

Questions 18-20 What does the guide say about each attraction? Choose THREE answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-E, next to Questions 18-20.

must not miss

Chọn đáp án

temporarily closed

Chọn đáp án

large queues

Chọn đáp án

Part 3

Questions

21 – 26

Questions 21-22 Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO subjects did Martina like best before going to university?

4
5
A
Art

B
English

C
French

D
History

E
Science

Questions

27 – 30

Questions 23-26 Complete the summary below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

Chỗ trống 27: 27

Chỗ trống 28: 28

Chỗ trống 29: 29

Chỗ trống 30: 30

Questions 27-30 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

6
Martina thinks the students at her university are
A
sociable
B
intelligent
C
energetic

7
George hopes that his tutor will help him
A
lose his shyness.
B
settle into university.
C
getto know his subject better.

8
What does Martina know about her first assignment?
A
the topic
B
the length
C
the deadline

9
George would like to live
A
in a hall of residence.
B
in a flat on his own.
C
with a host family.

Part 4

Questions

31 – 40

Questions 31-40 Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

CERAMICS Ceramics date back approximately 31

. The first figurines were made in the area of 32

. Early humans could not use their pots to store 33

. The Chinese improved the quality of ceramics by mixing 34

with the clay. Chinese porcelain was also called 35

. Bottger added quartz and 36

to clay to make porcelain. GLASS Glass production is similar to clay ceramics apart from the rate of 37

. The Romans introduced the use of glass to make 38

. CONCRETE The discovery of concrete is probably due to observing reactions of water and 39

. The ability to build large 40

contributed to the success of the Roman Empire.

Part 1

Questions

1 – 6

Questions 1-6 Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

Short Story Competition Entry Details Cost of entry: £5 (Example) Length of story: – approximately 1

– Story must include: a 2

Minimum age: 3

Last entry date: 1st 4

Web address: www. 5

.com Don’t: 6

the story to the organisers

Giải thích đáp án

A: Good morning. Dave speaking.

B: Oh hi. I’m phoning about a short story competition. Um, I saw an advert in a magazine and I was just calling to get some details.

A: Yes – certainly. I’m the competition organiser so I should be able to help. What kind of details are you looking for?

B: Well – erm – does it cost anything to enter?

A: Yes – there’s an entry fee of five pounds.

B: OK – that should be fine. It’s a short story competition – so how many words (length of story) is that?

A: (Q1) Well – we want to give people a reasonable amount of freedom but the guidelines are around 3000 words (Chà – chúng tôi muốn cung cấp cho mọi người một sự tự do hợp lý nhưng hướng dẫn chỉ cho phép khoảng 3000 từ).

B: Oh – that sounds quite a lot.

A: Well – it’s not as much as it used to be. We did have a limit of 5,000 words but some people thought that was too many so this year we’ve reduced it.

B: Right- and does the story need to be about anything in particular?

A: (Q2) No – you can write about any topic you like. But the main point of the competition is that it has to have (= must include) a surprise ending [Không – bạn có thể viết về bất kỳ chủ đề nào bạn thích. Nhưng mấu chốt của cuộc thi là câu truyện phải có một cái kết bất ngờ].

B: Oh – I see. That sounds interesting. I don’t think I’ve ever written a story like that before.

A: Yes – it’s something we’ve introduced for this year’s competition

B: Right. Um – I’m eighteen. Is there any age limit (= minimum age)?

A: (Q3) Yes – you need to be sixteen or over, so if you’re eighteen that’s fine [Có – bạn cần đủ từ mười sáu tuổi trở lên, vì vậy nếu bạn mười tám tuổi thì không sao].

B: Great. So you have the competition once a year. Is that right?

A: Yes – we start advertising in January and the competition takes up a lot of the year. We give people a few months to write their story and then it takes quite a long time to judge all the entries and to announce the winners.

B: I see. So when is the closing date (= last entry) [ for the competition? It’s already April – I hope I’m not too late.

A: No, you’ve still got plenty of time. (Q4) You need to submit your entry by the 1st of August [Bạn cần gửi bài dự thi trước ngày 1 tháng 8]. After then, it will be too late although you can always enter next year’s competition!

B: OK good. So how do I enter?

A: Well we have a website and the best way to enter is to complete the entry form online. We also have more details of the competition on the site. Shall I give you the web address?

B: Yes please.

A: (Q5) OK – it’s www dot COMP4SS dot com. And that’s the number four not the word four [OK – đó là www dot COMP4SS dot com. Và đó là số 4, không phải từ bốn].

B: OK – thanks. I’ve got that. So – I can complete the entry form online but how do I send the story? Do I print it out and send it to you?

A: (Q6) Well you may want to print the story out so you can review it but don’t post it to us [Bạn có thể muốn in câu truyện ra để xem lại nhưng đừng đăng nó lên]. When you’ve finished your story you will need to email it to us. The email address is on the website I gave you.

B: OK – that’s fine, (pause) Um can you tell me a bit about how the competition is judged and what the prizes are?

A: Yes of course. (Q7) Well, once we have all the entries I send them to all the judges. Our competition is quite popular so we are lucky to be able to use famous authors who are very interested in the competition [Chà, sau khi nhận tất cả các bài dự thi, tôi sẽ gửi chúng cho toàn bộ ban giám khảo. Cuộc thi này khá nổi tiếng nên chúng tôi may mắn có thể làm việc với các tác giả nổi tiếng, những người rất quan tâm đến cuộc thi].

B: That’s fantastic, it’s great to know that someone famous will be reading my story!

A: Yes that’s right. It takes them quite a while to read through the entries but eventually they decide on the top five stories.

B: I see – and what happens then?

A: (Q8) Well, they will be published (= will be available) online so everyone can read them [Chà, chúng sẽ được công bố trực tuyến để mọi người có thể đọc]. They will not be in any order at this point. They will just be the five stories that the judges think the best.

B: And do all the top five stories get prizes?

A: No – it’s just the top story and the runner-up.

B: So how is the top story decided?

A: (Q9) Well once the top five stories are available, it will be the public who will vote for their favourite story [Một khi top năm những câu truyện hay nhất được đăng lên , công chúng sẽ bình chọn cho tác phẩm yêu thích của họ].

B: Right – see. So I need to get all my friends to vote for me then!

A: Er, yes – that’s a good idea.

B: And what is the prize?

A: (Q10) Well, the runner-up gets a prize of £300, but the winner (= first prize) gets a trip to Spain to attend a workshop for writers (=a writers’ workshop) [Chà, người về nhì sẽ nhận được giải thưởng £300, nhưng người chiến thắng sẽ nhận được một chuyến đi đến Tây Ban Nha để tham dự hội thảo dành cho các nhà văn].

B: Wow – that’s brilliant! I’d better get writing straight away.

A: Yes – good luck!

B: Thanks.

Questions

7 – 10

Questions 7-10 Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

Judging and Prize Details The competition is judged by 7

. The top five stories will be available 8

. The top story will be chosen by the 9

. The first prize is a place at a writers’ workshop in 10

Giải thích đáp án

B: Um can you tell me a bit abouthow the competition is judged and what the prizes are?

A: Yes of course. Well, once we have all the entries I sendthem to all the judges. Our competition is quite popularso we are lucky to be able to use famous authors who arevery interested in the competition.

B: That’s fantastic. It’s great to know that someone famouswill be reading my story!

A: Yes that’s right. It takes them quite a while to read through the entries but eventually they decide on the top five stories.

B: Isee – and what happens then?

A: Well, they will be published online so everyone can readthem. They will not be in any order at this point. They will just be the five stories that the judges think are the best.

B: And do all the top five stories get prizes?

A: No —it’s just the top story and the runner-up.

B: So how is the top story decided?

A: Well once the top five stories are available, it will be thepublic who will vote for their favourite story.

B: Right —I see. So I need to get all my friends to vote for methen!

A: Er, yes — that’s a good idea.

B: And what is the prize?

A: Well, the runner-up gets a prize of £300, but the winnergets a trip to Spain to attend a workshop for writers.

B: Wow ~ that’s brilliant! I’d better get writing straight away.

A: Yes – good luck!

B: Thanks.

Part 2

Questions

11 – 17

Questions 11-17 Answer the questions below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Sea Life Centre — information What was the Sea Life Centre previously called? 11

. What is the newest attraction called? 12

. When is the main feeding time? 13

. What can you do with a VIP ticket? 14

. What special event will the Sea Life Centre arrange for you? 15

. Where will the petition for animal conservation be sent to? 16

. What can you use to test what you have learnt? 17

Giải thích đáp án

Okay, so hi, everybody and welcome to the Sea Life Centre. Before you start on your tour, I just like to give you some information about things to look out for as you go. Well, first of all, (Q11) I guess some of you may have been here before and may be surprised to see the name has changed. We’re not called World of Water anymore [Tôi đoán một số bạn có thể đã từng đến đây và có lẽ đang ngạc nhiên khi thấy tên đã thay đổi. Tên của chúng tôi không còn là World of Water nữa]. Since the beginning of this summer, we’ve been renamed and we’ve also made a few other changes. However, the main attractions like the aquarium, the crocodiles, the penguins and so on are still here. But we have a new restaurant and picnic area. (Q12) And the latest (newest) thing that we have on it was only finished last week is (the) splash ride [Và thứ mới nhất mà chúng tôi có, vừa mới được hoàn thành vào tuần trước, là trò chơi té nước]. This is an exciting new area of the center and is pretty scary and of course, you do get a bit wet, so make sure you’re not wearing your best clothes.

As I said, the main attractions are still here and the most popular thing. That everyone wants to see is feeding time, especially for the crocodiles and the seals. (Q13) We used to have the main feeding time in the afternoon at around 3 pm but we found that some of the animals got a bit hungry waiting until then and so we now have it at noon [Thường thì thời gian cho ăn chính của buổi chiều là vào khoảng 3 giờ nhưng chúng tôi thấy rằng một số động vật hơi đói khi chờ đến lúc đó và vì vậy bây giờ chúng tôi đã cho ăn vào buổi trưa]. They see much happier with the new time, although it’s a bit difficult to know what they’re thinking.

Cho phép các đáp án: (AT) NOON/MIDDAY [OR] (AT) 12 O’CLOCK/PM/P.M.

Now, I’d like to mention something new that we’ve introduced this year that we’re very excited about. It’s called a VIP ticket. (Q14) The VIP ticket costs an extra £2 per person and you will be amazed at what it allows you to do. With this you’ll be allowed to (= what can you do) feed (the) sharks [Vé VIP có giá thêm £2 mỗi người và bạn sẽ phải bất ngờ trước những đặc quyền của nó. Với tấm vé này này, bạn sẽ được cho cá mập ăn]. Now I know that for some people, this might be quite a frightening thing to do. But it is perfectly safe. For those of you who are a bit unsure, we do have a video you can watch to see what happens. It’s a great experience, and your friends will be very impressed.

(Q15) Speaking of friends, I just like to remind you that the Sea Life Centre will be more than happy to organize (= arrange) (a) birthday party for you and your family and friends [Nói về bạn bè, tôi chỉ muốn nhắc bạn rằng Sea Life Centre sẽ rất vui khi được tổ chức sinh nhật cho bạn, gia đình và bạn bè của bạn]. If you need more details, you can speak to me afterwards and there are also forms at the entrance that you can fill in.

I’d also like to bring your attention to the good work that the Sea Life Centre is doing in the support of animal conservation. I’m sure you’re all aware of the worrying situation, with a large number of species facing extinction. (Q16) Here at the Sea Life Centre, we’re taking action by asking as many people as possible to sign a petition. Once we have over 5000 signatures, we’re planning to send it to (the) government [Tại Sea Life Centre, chúng tôi hành động bằng cách kêu gọi càng nhiều người ký tên vào đơn thỉnh cầu càng tốt. Một khi có được hơn 5000 chữ ký, chúng tôi sẽ gửi nó cho chính phủ] in the hope that more people will begin to take it seriously.

Right. Well, there’s obviously a lot going on at the center and a lot of things to discover. At all the attractions there is helpful information, so please read as much as you can.

(Q17) And if you want to see what you’ve remembered (= test what you have learnt), please do (the) quiz after your visit [Và nếu bạn muốn kiểm tra xem mình đã nhớ được những gì, vui lòng làm bài test này sau chuyến thăm của bạn]. There are no prizes, of course, but I’m sure you’ll be surprised by how much you’ve learned.

Questions

18 – 20

Questions 18-20 What does the guide say about each attraction? Choose THREE answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-E, next to Questions 18-20.

must not miss

Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này

Turtle Town

temporarily closed

Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này

Penguin Park

large queues

Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này

Crocodile Cave

Giải thích đáp án

So before I leave you all to start your tour, I’ve just got a few tips. There are a large number of attractions, and you may not have time to see them all. Of course, there are the old favorites, like the aquarium and the Crocodile Cave. (Q18) But if you don’t have time to see everything, make sure (must not miss) you visit Turtle Town [Nhưng nếu bạn không có thời gian để xem tất cả mọi thứ, thì hãy nhớ ghé thăm Thị trấn Rùa] (=> E), which is beyond the aquarium and the seal center. This is very special and has a large number of endangered species, and as it’s at the far corner of the Sea Life Centre, it often gets overlooked. (Q19) I also have to apologize for the Penguin Park (=> C). This has needed some urgent work to be done and so will not be open for the next week (= temporarily closed) [Tôi cũng phải xin lỗi vì Công viên Chim Cánh Cụt. Một số công việc khẩn cấp cần được thực hiện tại địa điểm này và vì vậy nó sẽ không mở cửa trong tuần tới]. We’re very sorry about this, but I’m sure you’ll find the Seal center, which is directly opposite. It will keep you entertained just as much if not more.

We’re also very busy today, as you may have noticed on your way in. Everyone starts here at the aquarium, but as it’s so big, there’s no waiting to get in. (Q20) But today we’re expecting a lot of people to want to see the crocodile cave as a couple of eggs have hatched out. So expect delays (= queues) there [Nhưng hôm nay chúng tôi nghĩ rằng sẽ có nhiều người muốn xem hang cá sấu sau khi một vài quả trứng đã nở ra. Vì vậy, hãy chuẩn bị tâm lý rằng sẽ có sự trì hoãn ở đó (do có quá nhiều người xếp hàng chờ)]. And if you like, move on to the seal center first and then go back when things are quieter towards the end of the day.

So I’ll leave you now. But if you have any questions, I won’t be far away and have a great time at the Sea Life Centre.

Part 3

Questions

21 – 22

Questions 21-22 Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO subjects did Martina like best before going to university?

21
22
A
Art
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

B
English

C
French
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

D
History

E
Science

Giải thích đáp án

CÂU HỎI 21 & 22	TRANSCRIPT & GIẢI THÍCH
Which TWO subjects did Martina like best before going to university? A. Art B. English C. French D. History E. Science	Martina: No. No, really. I just liked the teacher. He was French and had an amazing accent. My favorite subject was history [Môn học yêu thích của tôi là Lịch sử, but I couldn’t see what career that would give me. George: All right, So what did you choose? Martina: Well, I found it really difficult to decide. I was really good at science, but I must admit, I never really enjoyed studying it. So in the end, I decided to opt for English, which was my second favorite subject [Tôi quyết định chọn tiếng Anh, môn học yêu thích thứ hai của tôi] and I thought it would be more useful to me than studying anything else. So that’s what I’m doing. And how are you finding university?
DỊCH NGHĨA
HAI môn học nào mà Martina thích nhất trước khi vào đại học? A. Nghệ thuật B. Tiếng Anh C. Tiếng Pháp D. Lịch sử E. Khoa học

Questions

23 – 26

Questions 23-26 Complete the summary below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

George’s experience of university George is studying Mechanical Engineering which involves several disciplines. He is finding 23

the most difficult. At the moment, his course is mainly 24

. He will soon have an assignment which involves a study of 25

. He thinks there are too many 26

and would like less of them.

Giải thích đáp án

George: Well, it’s a bit of a challenge, I suppose.

Martina: Are you finding it difficult?

George: Well, some of it. I’m doing mechanical engineering, which is really interesting, but it covers quite a lot of areas like materials, science, machine design, physics, and, of course, mechanics. And they’re all fine. (Q23) But it’s math(s) that I’m struggling with (= most difficult) [Nhưng tôi đang vật lộn với môn toán]. It’s a lot harder than it was at school.

Martina: I can believe it although it sounds very difficult to me, then I never was very good at mechanical things. I suppose it must involve some practical work.

George: Well, not at the moment. (Q24) Currently, it’s nearly all (= mainly) theory [Hiện tại, gần như tất cả đều là lý thuyết], so it’s a bit heavy going.

Martina: I guess you need to start with that so that you can get a grasp of the concepts to learn a few facts before you start putting it into practice. It must be a lot different to the course that I’m taking.

George: Yes, but in a few weeks will be having a lot more practical experience. In fact, (Q25) I’ve got a great assignment this term working on (= involves a study of) jet engines [Tôi đã có một nhiệm vụ tuyệt vời trong học kỳ này đó là học về động cơ phản lực], which means I’ll be going on a few field trips to nearby airports.

Martina: Oh, that’s great. It sounds like you’re going to be very busy.

George: Yes, I’m not sure how I’m going to cope with the work. We have a lot of lectures and that’s fine. The lecturers are very knowledgeable and I learn a lot from them. (Q26) But we also have a lot of (= too many) seminars, and I find with so many people expressing their views, it can get quite frustrating. It would be better if we didn’t have so many of those (= would like less of them) [Nhưng chúng tôi cũng có rất nhiều hội thảo, và tôi thấy việc rất nhiều người bày tỏ quan điểm có thể khiến bạn khá bực bội. Sẽ tốt hơn nếu chúng ta không có quá nhiều những thứ như thế].

Questions

27 – 30

Questions 27-30 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

27
Martina thinks the students at her university are
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
sociable
B
intelligent
C
energetic

Giải thích đáp án

CÂU HỎI 27	TRANSCRIPT & GIẢI THÍCH
Martina thinks the students at her university are A. sociable B. intelligent C. energetic	Martina: Yes, it’s the same for me. And how are the students at your place? George: Well, I haven’t really met anyone yet. They all seem a bit quiet. Martina: Perhaps they’re working hard. They don’t appear to be very studious here, but they are very friendly [Họ có vẻ không chăm học, nhưng họ rất thân thiện].
DỊCH NGHĨA
Martina nghĩ rằng các sinh viên tại trường đại học của cô ấy A. hòa đồng B. thông minh C. tràn đầy năng lượng

28
George hopes that his tutor will help him
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
lose his shyness.
B
settle into university.
C
getto know his subject better.

Giải thích đáp án

CÂU HỎI 28	TRANSCRIPT & GIẢI THÍCH
George hopes that his tutor will help him A. lose his shyness B. settle into university C. get to know his subject better	George: Well, that’s good. The only person I’ve spoken to really is my tutor [Người duy nhất tôi nói chuyện thực sự là gia sư của tôi]. He’s very approachable and seems to understand how difficult it can be starting university. Martina: It’s good to have someone you can talk to and he may help you meet other students. George: Actually, that doesn’t bother me. I’m bound to get to know some people sooner or later. It’s more a question of finding out what I need to do, where to go, and so on. I hope he can help me with that [Thực ra, điều đó không làm tôi bận tâm. Tôi sớm muộn gì cũng phải làm quen với một số người. Vấn đề bây giờ là tìm hiểu xem tôi cần làm gì, đi đâu, v.v. Tôi hy vọng anh ấy có thể giúp tôi điều đó].
DỊCH NGHĨA
George hy vọng rằng gia sư của cậu ấy sẽ giúp cậu ấy A. mất đi sự nhút nhát của mình B. thích nghi với môi trường đại học C. hiểu rõ hơn về môn học của mình

29
What does Martina know about her first assignment?
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
the topic
B
the length
C
the deadline

Giải thích đáp án

CÂU HỎI 29	TRANSCRIPT & GIẢI THÍCH
What does Martina know about her first assignment? A. the topic B. the length C. the deadline	George: Yes, it does, but I’m sure it’ll go quickly. You know, I’m really dreading the first assessment. Martina: Yes, for the course I’m doing, we have to hand our first one in at the end of next month [Vâng, đối với khóa học tôi đang tham gia, chúng tôi phải nộp bài nhận xét đầu tiên vào cuối tháng sau].
DỊCH NGHĨA
Martina biết gì về nhiệm vụ đầu tiên của mình? A. chủ đề B. độ dài C. thời hạn nộp

30
George would like to live
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
in a hall of residence.
B
in a flat on his own.
C
with a host family.

Giải thích đáp án

CÂU HỎI 30	TRANSCRIPT & GIẢI THÍCH
George would like to live A. in a hall of residence B. in a flat on his own C. with a host family	George: Yes. Well, I do like to have some people around me, so I’d prefer to live with a family somewhere in a house not too far from the university [Chà, tôi thích có một số người xung quanh mình, vì vậy tôi muốn sống với một gia đình ở đâu đó trong một ngôi nhà không quá xa trường đại học].
DỊCH NGHĨA
George muốn sống A. trong ký túc xá B. trong một căn hộ của riêng mình C. với gia đình chủ nhà

Part 4

Questions

31 – 40

Questions 31-40 Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

Preparing and Giving a Presentation INITIAL THOUGHTS Most important consideration: your audience Three points to bear in mind: – what they need to know – how 31

they will be – how big the audience will be STRUCTURE Start with information that makes the audience 32

End with 33

DESIGN The presentation needs to be 34

Vary content by using a mix of words and 35

PRESENTING Look at the audience, be enthusiastic and energetic Voice – vary speed and 36

Occasionally add 37

for greater impact Do not use 38

(e.g. appears, seems) QUESTIONS AND INTERRUPTIONS When asked a question, first of all you should 39

Minimise interruptions by 40

them

Giải thích đáp án

Hello, everyone. You’ve all been given an assignment for your sociology course, which will involve giving a presentation to the rest of the group. And so today I’m going to be giving you a few tips on how to prepare your presentations. This should help you with your current assignment, but a lot of the principles I’ll be putting across will be general principles, which will, of course, help you with all your future presentations.

So, first of all, the most important thing to consider is your audience, and in this instance, your audience are the other students in your group. There are three points to bear in mind. Firstly, you need to ask yourself what they need to know. (Q31) Secondly, it’s useful to consider whether they’ll be supportive or not (= how ___ they will be) [Thứ hai, sẽ hữu ích khi xem xét liệu họ có ủng hộ hay không], and thirdly, will it be a small group, say, three or four, a moderate gathering of 20 or so people as for your current assignment or will there be hundreds of people?

Having said that, what I’m about to tell you will apply equally to any audience. So, how do you structure your presentation? (Q32) Right at the beginning (= start), you should tell them something that forces them to pay attention [Ngay từ đầu, bạn nên nói với họ điều gì đó buộc họ phải chú ý]. This could be something surprising or even shocking, but it needs to be relevant. After that, you need a list of items or topics showing them what you’ll be covering rather like an agenda. And then the main part of the presentation will follow. This main part will be the detailed information you’ll be presenting and could include facts, statistics, personal experiences, etc.

(Q33) After this, you should summarize what you presented and close with (= end with) what I call next steps [Sau đó, bạn nên tóm tắt những gì bạn đã trình bày và kết thúc bằng cái mà tôi gọi là các bước tiếp theo]. For this assignment, you could simply point the group to other sociology reference material. In other cases, you may want to suggest some actions that people can take.

(Q34) Now, what about the design of the slides for your laptop? Well, the important thing here is to be (= needs to be) consistent [Thế bây giờ còn về thiết kế của các slide cho máy tính xách tay của bạn thì sao? Chà, điều quan trọng ở đây là tính nhất quán], you need to have the same type of font and use the same color and size for the same elements. For example, all headers need to look the same. All bullet points need to be presented in the same way. (Q35) And don’t just stick to words. Bring the presentation to life by adding graphics [Và đừng chỉ tập trung vào con chữ. Hãy làm cho bài thuyết trình trở nên sống động bằng cách thêm đồ họa]. These could be in several forms, such as pictures, flow charts, diagrams, histograms and so on.

And so – let’s move on now to presenting. You have your presentation prepared and you’re ready to start. Well, it’s important to give a good impression from the start, so take three deep breaths. Look at the audience, no matter how frightening they may be, and be enthusiastic and energetic.

As you go through the presentation, remember to provide some variety in the way you speak. (Q36) So, for example, you can talk fairly rapidly for information that may be familiar, but then slow down firm or unfamiliar sections and change (= vary) your tone as you speak [Vì vậy, ví dụ: bạn có thể nói khá nhanh đối với các thông tin quen thuộc, nhưng sau đó nói chậm lại ở những phần cần chắc chắn hoặc không quen thuộc và thay đổi giọng điệu khi bạn nói]. Don’t keep it at the same level all the way through.

As I mentioned, look at your audience. Ah ah, a good tip is to pick people out and look at them for around five seconds. Not looking at the audience gives the impression that you’re either not interested in them or terrified of them. Looking too long at one particular person may make them feel rather uncomfortable.

There may be points in your presentation that you want your audience to really absorb, (Q37) and in order to make important points stand out, you may consider adding silence(s), right after these. It will give people time to reflect (greater impact) on what you’ve just said [và để làm nổi bật những điểm quan trọng, bạn có thể cân nhắc việc thêm các khoảng lặng ngay sau những ý này. Nó sẽ cho mọi người thời gian để suy nghĩ về những gì bạn vừa nói]. Also, you may be presenting complicated ideas or technical details, but trying to keep everything as simple as possible. Use simple words and as few as possible and be clear. If you say something like this appears to be, it implies uncertainty. (Q38) So using weak verbs such as appears, seems, could be, etc needs to be avoided (= do not use) [Vì vậy, cần tránh sử dụng các động từ yếu như xuất hiện, dường như, có thể, v.v.].

I’ll just finish off with a few thoughts on questions and interruptions from the audience. You may choose to invite questions from the audience as you go or ask them to wait until the end. Either way, questions should be encouraged as it provides you with some feedback on how interested the audiences and how well they understanding you. (Q39) When a question is asked, you need to provide an answer that is as accurate as possible, so initially (= first of all), my tip is to repeat it [Khi một câu hỏi được đưa ra, bạn cần cung cấp câu trả lời chính xác nhất có thể, vì vậy ban đầu, mẹo của tôi là lặp lại câu hỏi đó]. This will ensure you have heard it correctly, and we’ll give you a few seconds to gather your thoughts.

Interruptions, on the other hand, can be unwelcome, and you may get them for a variety of reasons. It’s likely, however, that there’s something in your presentation that’s unclear or confusing.

(Q40) So my advice is to reduce (= minimise) problems by reading through your presentation beforehand and predicting potential points, which could cause interruptions [Vì vậy, lời khuyên của tôi là giảm bớt các vấn đề bằng cách đọc trước bài thuyết trình của bạn và dự đoán các điểm tiềm ẩn, có thể gây ra gián đoạn]. You may then want to change that part of the presentation or at least you be prepared if someone does interrupt you. Now, do you have any questions?

Path to Success – Test 2