IELTS Handbook 16 - Test 3 - Khóa học sinh viên Drive

PART 1

Questions

1 – 10

Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

JUNIOR CYCLE CAMP

Copying photos to digital format Name of company: Picturerep Requirements ● Maximum size of photos is 30 cm, minimum size 4 cm. ● Photos must not be in a 1

or an album. Cost ● The cost for 360 photos is £ 2

(including one disk). ● Before the complete order is sent, 3

is required. Services included in the price ● Photos can be placed in a folder, e.g. with the name 4

● The 5

and contrast can be improved if necessary. ● Photos which are very fragile will be scanned by 6

Special restore service (costs extra) ● It may be possible to remove an object from a photo, or change the 7

● A photo which is not correctly in 8

cannot be fixed. Other information ● Orders are completed within 9

● Send the photos in a box (not 10

PART 2

Questions

11 – 15

Choose TWO letters, A-E. According to Megan, what are the TWO main advantages of working in the agriculture and horticulture sectors?

1
2
A
the active lifestyle

B
the above-average salaries

C
the flexible working opportunities

D
the opportunities for overseas travel

E
the chance to be in a natural environment

Questions

16 – 18

Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO of the following are likely to be disadvantages for people working outdoors?

3
4
A
the increasing risk of accidents

B
being in a very quiet location

C
difficult weather conditions at times

D
the cost of housing

E
the level of physical fitness required

Questions

19 – 20

What information does Megan give about each of the following job opportunities? Match SIX answers from the box with the correct letter, A-H, next to Questions 15-20.

Fresh food commercial manager

Chọn đáp án

Agronomist

Chọn đáp án

Fresh produce buyer

Chọn đáp án

Garden centre sales manager

Chọn đáp án

Tree technician

Chọn đáp án

Farm worker

Chọn đáp án

PART 3

Questions

21 – 24

Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO points does Adam make about his experiment on artificial sweeteners?

11
12
A
The results were what he had predicted.

B
The experiment was simple to set up

C
A large sample of people was tested.

D
The subjects were unaware of what they were drinking.

E
The test was repeated several times for each person.

Questions

25 – 30

Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO problems did Rosie have when measuring the fat content of nuts?

13
14
A
She used the wrong sort of nuts.

B
She used an unsuitable chemical.

C
She did not grind the nuts finely enough.

D
The information on the nut package was incorrect.

E
The weighing scales may have been unsuitable.

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

15
Adam suggests that restaurants could reduce obesity if their menus
A
offered fewer options.
B
had more low-calorie foods.
C
were organised in a particular way.

16
The students agree that food manufacturers deliberately
A
make calorie counts hard to understand.
B
fail to provide accurate calorie counts.
C
use ineffective methods to reduce calories

17
What does Rosie say about levels of exercise in England?
A
The amount recommended is much too low.
B
Most people overestimate how much they do.
C
Women now exercise more than they used to.

18
Adam refers to the location and width of stairs in a train station to illustrate
A
practical changes that can influence people’s behaviour.
B
methods of helping people who have mobility problems.
C
ways of preventing accidents by controlling crowd movement.

19
What do the students agree about including reference to exercise in their presentation?
A
They should probably leave it out.
B
They need to do more research on it.
C
They should discuss this with their tutor.

20
What are the students going to do next for their presentation?
A
prepare some slides for it
B
find out how long they have for it
C
decide on its content and organisation

PART 4

Questions

31 – 40

Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

Hand knitting

Recent findings: ● All forms of dance produce various hormones associated with feelings of happiness. ● Dancing with others has a more positive impact than dancing alone. ● An experiment on university students suggested that dance increases 31

● For those with mental illness, dance could be used as a form of 32

Benefits of dance for older people: ● accessible for people with low levels of 33

● reduces the risk of heart disease ● better 34

reduces the risk of accidents ● improves 35

function by making it work faster ● improves participants’ general well-being ● gives people more 36

to take exercise ● can lessen the feeling of 37

, very common in older people Benefits of Zumba: ● A study at The University of Wisconsin showed that doing Zumba for 40 minutes uses up as many 38

as other quite intense forms of exercise. ● The American Journal of Health Behavior study showed that: – women suffering from 39

benefited from doing Zumba. – Zumba became a 40

for the participants.

PART 1

Questions

1 – 10

Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

JUNIOR CYCLE CAMP

The course focuses on skills and safety ● Charlie would be placed in Level 5. ● First of all, children at this level are taken to practise in a 1

Instructors ● Instructors wear 2

shirts. ● A 3

is required and training is given. Classes ● The size of the classes is limited. ● There are quiet times during the morning for a 4

or a game. ● Classes are held even if there is 5

What to bring ● a change of clothing ● a 6

● shoes (not sandals) ● Charlie’s 7

Day 1 ● Charlie should arrive at 9.20 am on the first day. ● Before the class, his 8

will be checked. ● He should then go to the 9

to meet his class instructor. Cost ● The course costs $ 10

per week.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong câu hỏi

Những từ bôi cam: Ngôn ngữ chỉ dẫn

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

JAKE: Hello, Junior Cycle camp, Jake speaking.

WOMAN: Hi. I’m calling for some information about the cycle camp – I’m thinking of sending my son.

JAKE: Great. Well, it’s held every weekday morning over the summer vacation and we focus on basic cycling skills and safety. We have eight levels for children from three years upwards. How old’s your son?

WOMAN: Charlie? He’s seven. He can ride a bike, but he needs a little more training before he’s safe to go on the road.

JAKE: He’d probably be best in Level 5. They start off practising on the site here, and we aim to get them riding on the road, but first they’re taken to ride in the park [Tụi nhỏ bắt đầu luyện tập ở khu vực này và chúng tôi hướng đến việc tụi nhỏ lái xe trên đường, nhưng trước tiên chúng sẽ được đưa đi lái xe trong công viên] (Question 1), away from the traffic.

WOMAN: Right. And can you tell me a bit about the instructors?

JAKE: Well, all our staff wear different coloured shirts. So, we have three supervisors, and they have red shirts. They support the instructors, and they also stand in for me if I’m not around. Then the instructors themselves are in blue shirts [Sau đó, chính những người hướng dẫn mặc áo xanh] (Question 2), and one of these is responsible for each class.

WOMAN: OK.

JAKE: In order to be accepted, all our instructors have to [= is required] submit a reference [tất cả những người hướng dẫn của chúng tôi phải gửi một tài liệu tham khảo] (Question 3) from someone who’s seen them work with children – like if they’ve worked as a babysitter, for example. Then they have to complete our training course, including how to do lesson plans, and generally care for the well-being of the kids in their class. They do a great job, I have to say.

WOMAN: Right. And tell me a bit about the classes. What size will Charlie’s class be?

JAKE: We have a limit of eight children in each class, so their instructor really gets to know them well. They’re out riding most of the time but they have quiet times too, where their instructor might tell them a story [họ cũng có những khoảng thời gian yên tĩnh, nơi người hướng dẫn của họ có thể kể cho họ một câu chuyện] (Question 4) that’s got something to do with cycling, or get them to play a game together. It’s a lot of fun.

WOMAN: It must be. Now, what happens if there’s rain? Do the classes still run?

JAKE: Oh yes [điều gì xảy ra nếu trời mưa? Các lớp học vẫn chạy chứ? – Ồ vâng] (Question 5). We don’t let that put us off – we just put on our waterproofs and keep cycling.

————————

WOMAN: And is there anything special Charlie should bring along with him?

JAKE: Well, maybe some spare clothes, especially if the weather’s not so good. And a snack (Question 6) for break time.

WOMAN: How about a drink?

JAKE: No, we’ll provide that. And make sure he has shoes, not sandals.

WOMAN: Sure. And just at present Charlie has to take medication every few hours, so I’ll make sure he has that. [Charlie phải uống thuốc vài giờ một lần, vì vậy tôi sẽ đảm bảo rằng anh ấy có mang thuốc.] (Question 7)

JAKE: Absolutely. Just give us details of when he has to take it and we’ll make sure he does.

WOMAN: Thanks.

JAKE: Now, there are a few things you should know about Day 1 of the camp. The classes normally start at 9.30 every morning, but on Day 1 you should aim to get Charlie here by 9.20. The finishing time will be 12.30 as usual. We need the additional time because there are a few extra things to do. The most important is that we have a very careful check to make sure that every child’s helmet fits properly [chúng tôi phải kiểm tra rất cẩn thận để đảm bảo rằng mũ bảo hiểm của mọi trẻ em đều vừa vặn] (Question 8). If it doesn’t fit, we’ll try to adjust it, or we’ll find him another one – but he must wear it all the time he’s on the bike.

WOMAN: Of course.

JAKE: Then after that, all the instructors will be waiting to meet their classes, and they’ll meet up in the tent (Question 9) – you can’t miss it. And each instructor will take their class away and get started.

WOMAN: OK. Well that all sounds good. Now can you tell me how much the camp costs a week?

JAKE: One hundred ninety-nine dollars (Question 10). We’ve managed to keep the price more or less the same as last year – it was one hundred ninety (đáp án nhiễu) then. But the places are filling up quite quickly.

WOMAN: Right. OK, well I’d like to book for …

PART 2

Questions

11 – 12

Choose TWO letters, A-E. According to Megan, what are the TWO main advantages of working in the agriculture and horticulture sectors?

11
12
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

A
the active lifestyle

B
the above-average salaries
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

C
the flexible working opportunities

D
the opportunities for overseas travel

E
the chance to be in a natural environment

Giải thích đáp án

LƯU Ý: Câu hỏi muốn tìm “main advantages” (lợi ích chính), vậy nên ta có thể loại các đáp án mà chỉ mang những lợi ích phụ không đáng kể, hoặc các lợi ích không áp dụng cho tất cả các vị trí.

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

Hello everyone. My name’s Megan Baker and I’m a recruitment consultant at AVT Recruitment specialists.

Now, our company specialises in positions that involve working in the agriculture and horticulture sectors, so that’s fresh food production, garden and park maintenance and so on. And these sectors do provide some very special career opportunities. For a start, they often offer opportunities for those who don’t want to be stuck with a 40-hour week [cơ hội cho những người không muốn bị mắc kẹt với 40 giờ một tuần = cơ hội làm việc linh hoạt ⇒ đáp án C](Question 11 & Question 12), but need to juggle work with other responsibilities such as child care – and this is very important for many of our recruits. Some people like working in a rural setting, surrounded by plants and trees instead of buildings, although we can’t guarantee that [Được làm việc bao quanh bởi cây cối – nhưng chưa được đảm bảo về điều này ⇒ loại đáp án E]. But there are certainly health benefits, especially in jobs where you’re not sitting all day looking at a screen [bạn không ngồi cả ngày để nhìn vào màn hình = lối sống năng động ⇒ đáp án A] (Question 11 & Question 12) – a big plus for many people. Salaries can sometimes be good too, although there’s a lot of variety here [Lương cũng có thể cao nhưng cũng có nhiều biến động ⇒ loại đáp án B]. And you may have the opportunity in some types of jobs for travel overseas, although that obviously depends on the job [Được du lịch nước ngoài nhưng còn phụ thuộc vào vị trí công việc ⇒ loại đáp án D], and not everyone is keen to do it.

Questions

13 – 14

Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO of the following are likely to be disadvantages for people working outdoors?

13
14
A
the increasing risk of accidents
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

B
being in a very quiet location
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

C
difficult weather conditions at times

D
the cost of housing

E
the level of physical fitness required

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

Of course, working outdoors does have its challenges [= disadvantages]. It’s fine in summer, but can be extremely unpleasant when it’s cold and windy [cực kỳ khó chịu khi trời lạnh và có gió = thỉnh thoảng điều kiện thời tiết khó khăn ⇒ đáp án C] (Question 13 & Question 14). You may need to be pretty fit for some jobs, though with modern technology that’s not as important as it once was. And standards of health and safety are much higher now than they used to be, so there are fewer work-related accidents [các tiêu chuẩn về sức khỏe và an toàn hiện nay đã cao hơn nhiều so với trước đây, do đó ít tai nạn lao động hơn ⇒ dù các từ khóa được nhắc tới nhưng nội dung không liên quan tới các đáp án ⇒ loại đáp án A & E]. But if you like a lively city environment surrounded by lots of people, these jobs are probably not for you – they’re often in pretty remote areas [họ thường ở những vùng xa xôi hẻo lánh] (Question 13 & Question 14). And some people worry about finding a suitable place to live, but in our experience, this usually turns out fine. [Nhắc tới nơi ở nhưng không đề cập tới chi phí đắt đỏ ⇒ loại đáp án D]

Questions

15 – 20

What information does Megan give about each of the following job opportunities? Match SIX answers from the box with the correct letter, A-H, next to Questions 15-20.

Fresh food commercial manager

Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này

(D) intensive work but also fun

Agronomist

Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này

(F) chance for rapid promotion

Fresh produce buyer

Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này

(A) not a permanent job

Garden centre sales manager

Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này

(H) local travel involved

Tree technician

Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này

Farm worker

Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này

(G) accommodation available

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

Now let me tell you about some of the exciting jobs that we have on our books right now.

One is for a fresh food commercial manager. Our client here is a very large fresh food producer supplying a range of top supermarkets. They operate in a very fast-paced environment with low profit margins – the staff there work hard, but they play hard as well [nhân viên ở đó làm việc chăm chỉ, nhưng họ cũng chơi hết mình = công việc chuyên sâu nhưng cũng vui vẻ ⇒ đáp án D] (Question 15), so if you’ve a sociable personality this may be for you.

We have an exciting post as an agronomist advising farmers on issues such as crop nutrition, protection against pests, and the latest legislation on farming and agricultural practices. There are good opportunities for the right person to quickly make their way up the career ladder [cơ hội tốt để người phù hợp nhanh chóng tiến lên nấc thang sự nghiệp = cơ hội thăng tiến nhanh chóng ⇒ đáp án F] (Question 16), but a deep knowledge of the agricultural sector is expected of applicants.

A leading supermarket is looking for a fresh produce buyer who is available for a 12-month maternity cover contract [ai sẵn sàng cho một hợp đồng bảo hiểm thai sản 12 tháng = không phải là một công việc lâu dài ⇒ đáp án A] (Question 17). You need to have experience in administration, planning and buying in the fresh produce industry, and in return will receive a very competitive salary.[nhận được mức lương cạnh tranh do đây chỉ là công việc tạm thời, không phải nhờ làm thêm ⇒ loại đáp án E]

We have also received a request for a sales manager for a chain of garden centres. You will be visiting centres in the region [Bạn sẽ đến thăm các trung tâm trong khu vực = du lịch địa phương liên quan ⇒ đáp án H] (Question 18) to ensure their high levels of customer service are maintained. This post is only suitable for someone who is prepared to live in the region.

There is also a vacancy for a tree technician to carry out tree cutting, forestry and conservation work. Candidates must have a clean driving licence and have training in safety procedures. A year’s experience would be preferred but the company might be prepared to consider someone who has just completed an appropriate training course. [Kinh nghiệm một năm sẽ được ưu tiên nhưng công ty có thể chuẩn bị để xem xét một người vừa hoàn thành một khóa đào tạo thích hợp = kinh nghiệm không cần thiết ⇒ đáp án C] (Question 19)

Finally, we have a position for a farm worker. This will involve a wide range of farm duties including crop sowing and harvesting, machine maintenance and animal care. Perks of the job include the possibility of renting a small cottage on the estate [Các đặc quyền của công việc bao gồm khả năng thuê một ngôi nhà nhỏ trong khuôn viên điền trang = có chỗ ở ⇒ G] (Question 20), and the chance to earn a competitive salary. A driving licence and tractor driving experience are essential.

PART 3

Questions

21 – 22

Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO points does Adam make about his experiment on artificial sweeteners?

21
22
A
The results were what he had predicted.

B
The experiment was simple to set up
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

C
A large sample of people was tested.
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

D
The subjects were unaware of what they were drinking.

E
The test was repeated several times for each person.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ADAM: OK Rosie, shall we try to get some ideas together for our presentation on diet and obesity?

ROSIE: Sure.

ADAM: I can talk about the experiment I did to see if people can tell the difference between real sugar and artificial sweeteners.

ROSIE: Where did you have people drink with either sugar or artificial sweeteners and they had to say which they thought it was?

ADAM: Yeah. It took me ages to decide exactly how I’d organise it [khiến tôi mất nhiều thời gian để quyết định chính xác cách tôi sẽ tổ chức nó >< Thử nghiệm rất đơn giản để thiết lập ⇒ loại đáp án B] , especially how I could make sure that people didn’t know which drink I was giving them [Mọi người không biết tôi đã cho họ đồ uống nào= Các đối tượng không biết họ đang uống gì ⇒ đáp án D] (Question 21 & Question 22). It was hard to keep track of it all, especially as I had so many people doing it [Tôi đã có rất nhiều người tham gia thí nghiệm này = Một mẫu lớn người đã được thử nghiệm. ⇒ đáp án C] (Question 21 & Question 22) – I had to make sure I kept a proper record of what each person had had.

ROSIE: So could most people tell the difference?

ADAM: Yeah – I hadn’t thought they would be able to, but most people could [Tôi đã không nghĩ rằng họ sẽ có thể, nhưng hầu hết mọi người đều có thể >< Kết quả đúng như những gì anh ấy đã dự đoán ⇒ loại đáp án A]

Questions

23 – 24

Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO problems did Rosie have when measuring the fat content of nuts?

23
24
A
She used the wrong sort of nuts.

B
She used an unsuitable chemical.
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

C
She did not grind the nuts finely enough.

D
The information on the nut package was incorrect.
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

E
The weighing scales may have been unsuitable.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ROSIE: Then there’s that experiment I did measuring the fat content of nuts, to see if the nutritional information given on the packet was accurate.

ADAM: The one where you ground up the nuts and mixed them with a chemical to absorb the fat?

ROSIE: Yes. My results were a bit problematic – the fat content for that type of nut seemed much lower than it said on the package [hàm lượng chất béo cho loại hạt đó dường như thấp hơn nhiều so với ghi trên bao bì – vế sau có liên từ “but” để phủ định ⇒ loại đáp án D] But I reckon the package information was right. I think I should probably have ground up the nuts more than I did [Tôi nghĩ tôi có lẽ nên nghiền các loại hạt nhiều hơn tôi đã làm = Cô ấy không xay các loại hạt đủ mịn ⇒ đáp án C] (Question 23 & Question 24). It’s possible that the scales for weighing the fat weren’t accurate enough [Cân để cân chất béo không đủ chính xác = Cân có thể không phù hợp ⇒ đáp án E] (Question 23 & Question 24), too. I’d really like to try the experiment again some time.

Questions

25 – 30

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

25
Adam suggests that restaurants could reduce obesity if their menus
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
offered fewer options.
B
had more low-calorie foods.
C
were organised in a particular way.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ADAM: So what can we say about helping people to lose weight? There’s a lot we could say about what restaurants could do to reduce obesity. I read that the items at the start of a menu and the items at the end of a menu are much more likely to be chosen than the items in the middle. So, if you put the low-calorie items at the beginning and end of the menu [đặt các món ít calo ở đầu và cuối thực đơn = được tổ chức theo một cách cụ thể ⇒ đáp án C] (Question 25), people will probably go for the food with fewer calories [Mọi người sẽ chọn thực phẩm ít calo nhờ cách sắp xếp menu mới, không phải nhờ việc có nhiều món ít calo ⇒ loại đáp án B], without even realising what they’re doing.

26
The students agree that food manufacturers deliberately
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
make calorie counts hard to understand.
B
fail to provide accurate calorie counts.
C
use ineffective methods to reduce calories

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ROSIE: I think food manufacturers could do more to encourage healthy eating.

ADAM: How?

ROSIE: Well, when manufacturers put calorie counts of a food on the label, they’re sometimes really confusing and I suspect they do it on purpose [đôi khi họ thực sự khó hiểu và tôi nghi ngờ rằng họ cố tình làm điều đó = làm cho số lượng calo khó hiểu ⇒ đáp án A] (Question 26). Because food that’s high in calories tastes better, and so they’ll sell more.

ADAM: Yeah, so if you look at the amount of calories in a pizza, they’ll give you the calories per quarter pizza and you think, oh that’s not too bad. But who’s going to eat a quarter pizza?

ROSIE: Exactly.

27
What does Rosie say about levels of exercise in England?
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
The amount recommended is much too low.
B
Most people overestimate how much they do.
C
Women now exercise more than they used to.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

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Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ADAM: I suppose another approach to this problem is to get people to exercise more.

ROSIE: Right. In England, the current guidelines are for at least 30 minutes of brisk walking, five days a week. Now when you ask them, about 40% of men and 30% of women say they do this, but when you objectively measure the amount of walking they do with motion sensors, you find that only 6% of men and 4% of women do the recommended amount of exercise. [các hướng dẫn hiện tại là dành ít nhất 30 phút đi bộ nhanh, năm ngày một tuần. Bây giờ khi bạn hỏi họ, khoảng 40% nam giới và 30% phụ nữ nói rằng họ làm điều này, nhưng khi bạn đo lường khách quan lượng đi bộ mà họ thực hiện bằng cảm biến chuyển động, bạn thấy rằng chỉ có 6% nam giới và 4% nữ giới làm. lượng bài tập được khuyến nghị = Hầu hết mọi người đều đánh giá quá cao mức độ họ làm được ⇒ đáp án B](Question 27)

ADAM: Mm, so you can see why obesity is growing.

28
Adam refers to the location and width of stairs in a train station to illustrate
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
practical changes that can influence people’s behaviour.
B
methods of helping people who have mobility problems.
C
ways of preventing accidents by controlling crowd movement.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ROSIE: So how can people be encouraged to take more exercise?

ADAM: Well, for example, think of the location of the stairs station. if people reach the stairs before they reach the escalator when they’re leaving the station, they’re more likely to take the stairs. And if you increase the width of the stairs [= practical changes], you’ll get more people using them at the same time [= influence people’s behaviour]. It’s an unconscious process and influenced by minor modifications in their environment. [Đó là một quá trình vô thức và bị ảnh hưởng bởi những thay đổi nhỏ trong môi trường của họ = những thay đổi thực tế có thể ảnh hưởng đến hành vi của mọi người ⇒ đáp án A] (Question 28)

29
What do the students agree about including reference to exercise in their presentation?
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
They should probably leave it out.
B
They need to do more research on it.
C
They should discuss this with their tutor.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ROSIE: Right. And it might not be a big change, but if it happens every day, it all adds up.

ADAM: Yes. But actually, I’m not sure if we should be talking about exercise in our presentation.

ROSIE: Well, we’ve done quite a bit of reading about it.

ADAM: I know, but it’s going to mean we have a very wide focus, and our tutor did say that we need to focus on causes and solutions in terms of nutrition. [Thầy hướng dẫn nói họ nên tập trung vào 1 phần ⇒ không phải muốn nói rằng họ cần trao đổi với thầy hướng dẫn ⇒ loại đáp án C]

ROSIE: I suppose so. And we’ve got plenty of information about that. OK, well that will be simpler. [Tôi không chắc liệu chúng ta có nên nói về tập thể dục trong bài thuyết trình của mình hay không – Chà, chúng ta đã đọc khá nhiều về nó. – Tôi biết, nhưng điều đó có nghĩa là chúng tôi phải tập trung rất rộng và thầy hướng dẫn của chúng ta đã nói rằng chúng ta cần tập trung vào nguyên nhân và giải pháp về mặt dinh dưỡng. – Tôi cho là vậy. Và chúng ta có nhiều thông tin về điều đó. OK, điều đó sẽ đơn giản hơn ⇒ Bỏ các tài liệu về thể dục ra khỏi bài thuyết trình ⇒ đáp án A] (Question 29)

30
What are the students going to do next for their presentation?
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
prepare some slides for it
B
find out how long they have for it
C
decide on its content and organisation

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ADAM: So what shall we do now? We’ve still got half an hour before our next lecture.

ROSIE: Let’s think about what we’re going to include and what will go where [nghĩ về những gì chúng ta sẽ bao gồm và những những thứ này sẽ đi đến đâu = quyết định về nội dung và tổ chức của nó ⇒ đáp án C] (Question 30). Then we can decide what slides we need [Đây là điều cần làm sau khi quyết định được nội dung và tổ chức của bài thuyết trình ⇒ loại đáp án A]

ADAM: OK, fine.

PART 3

Questions

21 – 22

Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO points does Adam make about his experiment on artificial sweeteners?

21
22
A
The results were what he had predicted.

B
The experiment was simple to set up
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

C
A large sample of people was tested.
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

D
The subjects were unaware of what they were drinking.

E
The test was repeated several times for each person.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ADAM: OK Rosie, shall we try to get some ideas together for our presentation on diet and obesity?

ROSIE: Sure.

ADAM: I can talk about the experiment I did to see if people can tell the difference between real sugar and artificial sweeteners.

ROSIE: Where did you have people drink with either sugar or artificial sweeteners and they had to say which they thought it was?

ROSIE: So could most people tell the difference?

Questions

23 – 24

Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO problems did Rosie have when measuring the fat content of nuts?

23
24
A
She used the wrong sort of nuts.

B
She used an unsuitable chemical.
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

C
She did not grind the nuts finely enough.

D
The information on the nut package was incorrect.
Bạn chọn thiếu đáp án này

E
The weighing scales may have been unsuitable.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

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Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ROSIE: Then there’s that experiment I did measuring the fat content of nuts, to see if the nutritional information given on the packet was accurate.

ADAM: The one where you ground up the nuts and mixed them with a chemical to absorb the fat?

Questions

25 – 30

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

25
Adam suggests that restaurants could reduce obesity if their menus
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
offered fewer options.
B
had more low-calorie foods.
C
were organised in a particular way.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

26
The students agree that food manufacturers deliberately
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
make calorie counts hard to understand.
B
fail to provide accurate calorie counts.
C
use ineffective methods to reduce calories

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ROSIE: I think food manufacturers could do more to encourage healthy eating.

ADAM: How?

ADAM: Yeah, so if you look at the amount of calories in a pizza, they’ll give you the calories per quarter pizza and you think, oh that’s not too bad. But who’s going to eat a quarter pizza?

ROSIE: Exactly.

27
What does Rosie say about levels of exercise in England?
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
The amount recommended is much too low.
B
Most people overestimate how much they do.
C
Women now exercise more than they used to.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ADAM: I suppose another approach to this problem is to get people to exercise more.

ADAM: Mm, so you can see why obesity is growing.

28
Adam refers to the location and width of stairs in a train station to illustrate
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
practical changes that can influence people’s behaviour.
B
methods of helping people who have mobility problems.
C
ways of preventing accidents by controlling crowd movement.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ROSIE: So how can people be encouraged to take more exercise?

29
What do the students agree about including reference to exercise in their presentation?
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
They should probably leave it out.
B
They need to do more research on it.
C
They should discuss this with their tutor.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ROSIE: Right. And it might not be a big change, but if it happens every day, it all adds up.

ADAM: Yes. But actually, I’m not sure if we should be talking about exercise in our presentation.

ROSIE: Well, we’ve done quite a bit of reading about it.

30
What are the students going to do next for their presentation?
Bạn chưa trả lời câu hỏi này
A
prepare some slides for it
B
find out how long they have for it
C
decide on its content and organisation

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong đề bài

Những từ bôi cam: Đáp án gây nhiễu

Những từ bôi xanh: Đáp án

ADAM: So what shall we do now? We’ve still got half an hour before our next lecture.

ADAM: OK, fine.

PART 4

Questions

31 – 40

Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

Hand knitting

Interest in knitting ● Knitting has a long history around the world. ● We imagine someone like a 31

knitting. ● A 32

ago, knitting was expected to disappear. ● The number of knitting classes is now increasing. ● People are buying more 33

for knitting nowadays.Benefits of knitting ● gives support in times of 34

difficulty ● requires only 35

skills and little money to start ● reduces stress in a busy lifeEarly knitting ● The origins are not known. ● Findings show early knitted items to be 36

in shape. ● The first needles were made of natural materials such as wood and 37

● Early yarns felt 38

to touch. ● Wool became the most popular yarn for spinning. ● Geographical areas had their own 39

of knitting. ● Everyday tasks like looking after 40

were done while knitting.

Giải thích đáp án

Transcript

Lưu ý

Những từ bôi vàng: Các keywords xuất hiện trong câu hỏi

Những từ bôi cam: Ngôn ngữ chỉ dẫn – Các đầu mục lớn

Những từ bôi xanh:Đáp án

Good morning everyone. So today we’re going to look at an important creative activity and that’s hand knitting. Ancient knitted garments have been found in many different countries, showing that knitting is a global activity with a long history.

When someone says the word ‘knitting’ we might well picture [= imagine] an elderly person – a grandmother perhaps – sitting by the fire knitting [chúng ta cũng có thể hình dung ra một người lớn tuổi – có lẽ là một bà ngoại – đang ngồi bên đống lửa để đan] (Question 31) garments for themselves or other members of the family. It’s a homely image, but one that may lead you to feel that knitting is an activity of the past – and, indeed, during the previous decade, it was one of the skills that were predicted to vanish [= expected to disappear] [trong thập kỷ trước, nó là một trong những kỹ năng được dự đoán sẽ biến mất] (Question 32) from everyday life. Although humans have sewn and knitted their own clothing for a very long time, many of these craft-based skills went into decline when industrial machines took over – mainly because they were no longer passed down from one generation to another. However, that’s all changing and interest in knitting classes in many countries is actually rising, as more and more people are seeking formal instruction in the skill. With that trend, we’re also seeing an increase in the sales figures [= buying more] for knitting equipment. [chúng tôi cũng nhận thấy sự gia tăng về số liệu bán thiết bị dệt kim] (Question 33)

So why do people want to be taught to knit at a time when a machine can readily do the job for them? The answer is that knitting, as a handicraft, has numerous benefits for those doing it. Let’s consider what some of these might be. While many people knitted garments in the past because they couldn’t afford to buy clothes, it’s still true today that knitting can be helpful [= gives support] if you’re experiencing economic hardship [đan có thể hữu ích nếu bạn đang gặp khó khăn về kinh tế] (Question 34). If you have several children who all need warm winter clothes, knitting may save you a lot of money. And the results of knitting your own clothes can be very rewarding, even though the skills you need to [= requires] get going are really quite basic [những kỹ năng bạn cần để bắt đầu thực sự khá cơ bản] (Question 35) and the financial outlay is minimal.

But the more significant benefits in today’s world are to do with well-being. In a world where it’s estimated that we spend up to nine hours a day online, doing something with our hands that is craft-based makes us feel good. It releases us from the stress of a technological, fast-paced life.

———————

Now, let’s look back a bit to early knitting activities. In fact, no one really knows when knitting first began, but archaeological remains have disclosed plenty of information for us to think about.

One of the interesting things about knitting is that the earliest pieces of clothing that have been found suggest that most of the items produced were round [hầu hết các mặt hàng được sản xuất là hình tròn] (Question 36) rather than flat. Discoveries from the 3rd and 4th centuries in Egypt show that things like socks and gloves, that were needed to keep hands and feet warm, were knitted in one piece using four or five needles. That’s very different from most knitting patterns today, which only require two. What’s more, the very first needles people used were hand-carved out of wood and other natural materials, like bone [những chiếc kim đầu tiên mà con người sử dụng được chạm khắc bằng tay từ gỗ và các vật liệu tự nhiên khác, như xương] (Question 37), whereas today’s needles are largely made of steel or plastic and make that characteristic clicking sound when someone’s using them. Ancient people knitted using yarns made from linen, hemp, cotton and wool, and these were often very rough on the skin [Người cổ đại dệt kim bằng cách sử dụng sợi làm từ vải lanh, sợi gai dầu, bông và len, và những sợi này thường rất thô ráp trên da] (Question 38). The spinning wheel, which allowed people to make finer yarns and produce much greater quantities of them, led to the dominance of wool in the knitting industry – often favoured for its warmth.

Another interesting fact about knitting is that because it was practised in so many parts of the world for so many purposes, regional differences [= Geographical areas] in style developed [Một sự thật thú vị khác về đan len là vì nó đã được thực hành ở rất nhiều nơi trên thế giới với nhiều mục đích nên sự khác biệt giữa các vùng trong phong cách đan đã phát triển] (Question 39). This visual identity has allowed researchers to match bits of knitted clothing that have been unearthed over time to the region from which the wearer came or the job that he or she did.

As I’ve mentioned, knitting offered people from poor communities a way of making extra money while doing other tasks. For many centuries, it seems, men, women and children took every opportunity to knit, for example, while watching over sheep [ví dụ như phụ nữ và trẻ em tận dụng mọi cơ hội để đan trong khi trông chừng bầy cừu] (Question 40), walking to market or riding in boats. So, let’s move on to take a …

IELTS Handbook 16 – Test 3