Relationships, families and early learning (Các mối quan hệ, gia đình và giáo dục sớm)

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accommodate (v) /əˈkɒm.ə.deɪt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Đáp ứng nhu cầu của ai đó, cung cấp, cấp cho, kiếm cho ai đó thứ họ cần =to give what is needed to someone.

Ví dụ:

The new policies fail to [accommodate] the disabled.
We always try to [accommodate] (= help) our clients with financial assistance if necessary.
Any language must [accommodate] new concepts

adolescence (n) /ˌæd.əˈles.əns/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Tuổi dậy thì, tuổi teen =the time in a person’s life when he or she develops from a child into an adult (= puberty).

Ví dụ:

[Adolescence] brings about major changes in a young person’s body.
She had a troubled [adolescence]
yet another novel about the joys and sorrows of [adolescence]

adopt (v) /əˈdɒpt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Nhận làm con nuôi/ bắt đầu sử dụng một phương pháp mới bắt đầu có một thái độ mới =[[child]]to take somebody else’s child into your family and become its legal parent(s) [[method/attitude]]to start to use a particular method or to show a particular attitude towards somebody/something

Ví dụ:

to [adopt] a child
All three teams [adopted] different approaches to the problem.
He’s [adopted] a remarkably light-hearted attitude towards the situation.

adulthood (n) /ˈæd.ʌlt.hʊd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Tuổi khôn lớn, tuổi trưởng thành =the part of someone’s life when they are an adult.

Ví dụ:

a child reaching [adulthood].
Her childhood problems persisted into [adulthood]
People in England legally reach [adulthood] at 18

bond (n) /bɒnd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Nghĩa bóng) mối quan hệ, mối ràng buộc. =a close connection joining two or more people.

Ví dụ:

A [bond] of friendship had been forged between them
The agreement strengthened the [bonds] between the two countries
the special [bond] between mother and child

break down (phrasal verb) /ˌbreɪkˈdaʊn/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

[(đồ vật)] hỏng, vỡ vụn [(sự việc, mối quan hệ)] thất bại, sụp đổ, rạn nứt =to fail,to become very bad

Ví dụ:

Negotiations between the two sides have [broken down]
Her health [broke down] under the pressure of work.
The talks [broke down] on Friday without agreement.

childhood (n) /ˈtʃaɪld.hʊd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Tuổi thơ ấu, thời thơ ấu =the period of somebody’s life when they are a child

Ví dụ:

[childhood], adolescence and adulthood
in early [childhood]
[childhood] memories/experiences

close (adj) /kləʊz/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Gần, thân, sát. =near in family relationship [opposite] distant

Ví dụ:

[close] relatives, such as your mother and father, and brothers and sisters
The family history of cancer in [close] relatives
Only she and her [close] family knew what she had been through to get back to the very top.

close-knit (adj) /ˌkləʊsˈnɪt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Gắn bó với nhau (về tình cảm, quyền lợi). =(of a group of people) having strong relationships with each other and taking a close, friendly interest in each other’s activities and problems.

Ví dụ:

the [close-knit] community of a small village
It would be difficult to find a more [close-knit] team than ours’
Brittany began the year by finding out which of her [close-knit] group of friends shared her classes

conflict (n) /ˈkɒn.flɪkt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự xung đột, sự tranh giành, sự va chạm =a situation in which there are opposing ideas, opinions, feelings or wishes; a situation in which it is difficult to choose.

Ví dụ:

The story tells of a classic [conflict] between love and duty.
Her diary was a record of her inner [conflict].
Many of these ideas appear to be in [conflict] with each other.

connection (n) /kəˈnek.ʃən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự liên quan, sự liên lạc, mối quan hệ; sự chấp nối. =the state of being related to someone or something else.

Ví dụ:

The [connection] between smoking and heart disease is well known.
They’re sisters? I knew their surname was the same, but I never made (= thought of) the [connection].
They want to talk to you in [connection] with an unpaid tax bill.

develop (v) /dɪˈvel·əp/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

tự mình phát triển/ phát triển một cái gì đó =to grow or change into a more advanced, larger, or stronger/ to cause something to grow or change into a more advanced, larger, or stronger

Ví dụ:

The place has rapidly [developed] from a small fishing community into a thriving tourist resort
She [developed] the company from nothing.
Eventually as the tree matures, it will [develop] into a fine spreading type

endure (v) /ɪnˈdʒʊər/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

có thể kiên nhẫn chịu đựng có thể kiên cường vượt qua (sóng gió, thử thách) =to experience and deal with something that is painful or unpleasant, especially without complaining

Ví dụ:

a love that [endures] all things and never fails
We had to [endure] a nine-hour delay at the airport.
It seemed impossible that anyone could [endure] such pain

establish (v) /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Lập, thành lập (công ty, tổ chức)/ thiết lập (mối quan hệ, liên lạc) =to start a company or organization that will continue for a long time/ to start having a relationship with, or communicating with another person, company, country, or organization

Ví dụ:

The committee was [established] in 1912
The school has [established] a successful relationship with the local community.
The firm was [established] by Richard King and a number of partners in 1978.

fatherhood (n) /ˈfɑː.ðə.hʊd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

việc làm cha, cương vị làm cha, thời gian làm cha =the state or time of being a father

Ví dụ:

[Fatherhood] is a lifelong responsibility.
The joys of [fatherhood] had softened him
Marriage and [fatherhood] have changed his priorities.

friendship (n) /ˈfrend.ʃɪp/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

tình bạn: việc mà mấy người là bạn =the feeling or relationship that friends have; the state of being friends.

Ví dụ:

Your [friendship] is very important to me.
Their [friendship] goes back to when they were at school together
Did you form any close/lasting [friendships] in college?

instinct (n) /ˈɪn.stɪŋkt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(nghĩa bóng) linh cảm, cảm giác =the way people or animals naturally react or behave, without having to think or learn about it Bản năng a feeling that makes you do something or believe that something is true, even though it is not based on facts or reason (= intuition)

Ví dụ:

maternal [instincts]
Children do not know by [instinct] the difference between right and wrong.
His first [instinct] was to run away.

interaction (n) /ˌɪn.təˈræk.ʃən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

sự tương tác =the act of communicating with somebody, especially while you work, play or spend time with them.

Ví dụ:

the [interaction] between performers and their audience.
There’s not enough [interaction] between the management and the workers
Language games are usually intended to encourage student [interaction]

maternal (adj) /məˈtɜːnəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Thuộc) Mẹ; của người mẹ; về phía mẹ; =connected with being a mother having feelings that are typical of a caring mother towards a child[only before noun] related through the mother’s side of the family

Ví dụ:

[Maternal] age affects the baby’s survival rate.
the effects of [maternal] smoking during pregnancy
I’m not very [maternal]

motherhood (n) /ˈmʌð.ə.hʊd/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

việc làm mẹ, cương vị làm mẹ, thời gian làm mẹ =the state or time of being a mother.

Ví dụ:

[Motherhood] suits her.
She’s struggling to combine [motherhood] and a career as a lawyer.
The project helped young mothers prepare and adjust to [motherhood].

nature (n) /ˈneɪ.tʃər/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

tính, bản chất, bản tính (tự nhiên, vốn đã thế) =the usual way that a person or an animal behaves that is part of their character

Ví dụ:

It’s not in his [nature] to be unkind.
She is very sensitive by [nature].
We appealed to his better [nature] (= his kindness).

parent (n) /ˈpeə.rənt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Cha; mẹ =a person’s father or mother.

Ví dụ:

He’s still living with his [parents].
her adoptive [parents]
Sue and Ben have recently become [parents].

parental (adj) /pəˈren.təl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Thuộc) Cha mẹ (Liên quan đến) cha mẹ =connected with a parent or parents

Ví dụ:

[parental] responsibility/rights
[parental] choice in education
The government repeatedly stressed its support for [parental] choice in the selection of a child’s school.

relation (n) /rɪˈleɪ.ʃən/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Người bà con, họ hàng, thân thuộc =a person who is in the same family as somebody else (= relative).

Ví dụ:

a close/near/distant relation of mine
a relation by marriage
a party for friends and relations

relationship (n) /rɪˈleɪ.ʃən.ʃɪp/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Mối quan hệ, mối liên hệ. =the way in which two or more things are connected.

Ví dụ:

a father-son [relationship]
I’m not sure of the exact [relationship] between them—I think they’re cousins.
She has a daughter from a previous [relationship]

relative (n) /ˈrel.ə.tɪv/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Bà con thân thuộc, người có họ. =a person who is in the same family as somebody else [synonym] relation

Ví dụ:

I don’t have many blood [relatives] (= people related to me by birth rather than by marriage)
All her close/distant [relatives] came to the wedding.
Much of my time is spent visiting [relatives]

resemblance (n) /rɪˈzem.bləns/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự giống nhau. =the fact of being or looking similar to somebody/something [synonym] likeness

Ví dụ:

a striking/close/strong [resemblance]
family [resemblances]
She bears an uncanny [resemblance] to Dido.

rewarding (adj) /rɪˈwɔː.dɪŋ/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(trải nghiệm, công việc, etc ) đáng giá, đáng làm, không bõ công để làm vì lợi ích mà mình được nhận lại quá xứng đáng =(of an activity, etc ) worth doing; that makes you happy because you think it is useful or important.

Ví dụ:

a [rewarding] experience/job
Skiing can be hugely [rewarding]
I had such a [rewarding] and fulfilling experience and loved the children.

rivalry (n) /ˈraɪ.vəl.ri/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự cạnh tranh, sự kình địch, sự ganh đua, sự tranh tài, sự đua tài. =a state in which two people, companies, etc are competing for the same thing.

Ví dụ:

sibling [rivalry] (= between brothers and sisters)
a fierce [rivalry] for world supremacy
There is a certain amount of friendly [rivalry] between the teams.

sibling (n) /ˈsɪb.lɪŋ/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Anh (chị, em) ruột. =a brother or sister.

Ví dụ:

squabbles between [siblings]
[sibling] rivalry (= competition between brothers and sisters)
The younger children were badly treated by older [siblings].

stable (adj) /ˈsteɪ.bəl/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Cân bằng, vững vàng, ổn định (người) Kiên định, kiên quyết. =firmly fixed; not likely to move, change or fail [synonym] steady

Ví dụ:

[stable] prices
a [stable] relationship
This ladder doesn’t seem very [stable].

teenager (n) /ˈtiːnˌeɪ.dʒɚ/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Thiếu niên, thiếu nữ. =a person who is between 13 and 19 years old.

Ví dụ:

a magazine aimed at [teenagers]
As a [teenager] she discovered she had a talent for dance
My parents were [teenagers] in the war years, and I think life was very tough for people then.

temperament (n) /ˈtem.pər.ə.mənt/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Khí chất, tính khí, tính. =the part of your character that affects your moods and the way you behave.

Ví dụ:

a fiery [temperament]
She had an artistic [temperament]
His design skills and my publishing experience helped balance our individual roles and [temperaments].

ties (n) /taɪz/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

(Nghĩa bóng) Mối ràng buộc, quan hệ. =[usually plural] a strong connection between people or organizations.

Ví dụ:

family [ties]
the [ties] of friendship
economic [ties]

upbringing (n) /ˈʌpˌbrɪŋ.ɪŋ/ UK US

Định nghĩa:

Sự giáo dục, sự dạy dỗ (trẻ con). =the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave while it is growing up

Ví dụ:

to have had a stable [upbringing]
Is it right to say all the crimes he committed were simply the result of his [upbringing]?
He was a countryman by [upbringing]