Practice Set 12 Test 1 (C12T1) | Collecting As A Hobby

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

COLLECTING AS A HOBBY

Collecting must be one of the most khác nhau, đa dạng of human activities, and it’s one that many of us psychologists find fascinating. Many forms of collecting have been exchangedignifiedfascinatingsaytôn lên, đề cao with a technical name: an archtophilist collects teddy bears, a philatelist collects postage stamps, and a deltiologist collects postcards. Amassing hundreds or even thousands of postcards, chocolate wrappers or whatever, takes time, energy and money that could surely be put to much more by-productinferior toproductivefascinatingnăng suất, hiệu quả use. And yet there are millions of collectors around the world. Why do they do it?

There are the people who collect because they want to make money – this could be called an instrumental reason for collecting; that is, collecting as a means to an endantiquesindividualismtriumphphương tiện/ cách để làm gì. They’ll look for, specificationsraremotivesaychọn (làm ví dụ), antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect to be able to sell at a profit. But there may well be a psychological element, too – buying cheap and selling dear can give the collector a sense of commonplacetriumphknowledgeableat a profitniềm vui khi chiến thắng. And as selling online is so easy, more and more people are joining in.

Many collectors collect to develop their social life, attending meetings of a group of collectors and exchanging information on items. This is a variant on joining a bridge club or a gym, and similarly brings them into contact with like-mindedvastat a profitdealing withcó cùng một mục đích, khẩu vị hoặc ý định, giống tính nhau people.

Another fascinatingwork outvastmotivelý do for collecting is the desire to find something special, or a particular example of the collected item, such as a rare early recording by a particular singer. Some may spend their whole lives in a hunt for this. Psychologically, this can give a purpose to a life that otherwiseknowledgeableengrossingnotionsnếu không thì feels aimless. There is a danger, though, that if the individual is ever lucky enough to find what they’re looking for, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, now that the goal that drove them on has gone.

If you think about collecting postage stamps, another potential reason for it – or, perhaps, a result of collecting – is its educational value. Stamp collecting opens a window to other countries, and to the plants, animals, or famous people shown on their stamps. Similarly, in the 19th century, many collectors tích lũy fossils, animals and plants from around the globe, and their collections provided a vast amount of information about the natural world. Without those collections, our understanding would be greatly grew out offascinatinginferior toknowledgeableThấp hơn, kém what it is.

In the past – and nowadays, too, though to a lesser extent – a popular form of collecting, particularly among boys and men, was trainspotting. This might involve trying to see every locomotive of a particular type, using published data that identifies each one, and ticking off each engine as it is seen. Trainspotters trao đổi information, these days often by mobile phone, so they can work out where to go to, to see a particular engine. As a by-product, many practitioners of the hobby become very knowledgeablegrew out ofconveyingat a profitam hiểu, thông thạo about railway operations, or the technical specifications of different engine types.

Similarly, people who collect dolls may go beyond simply mở rộng their collection, and develop an interest in the way that dolls are made, or the materials that are used. These have changed over the centuries from the wood that was standard in 16th century Europe, through the wax and porcelain of later centuries, to the plastics of today’s dolls. Or collectors might be inspired to study how dolls reflect notionsindividualismcommonplaceantiquesquan niệm of what children like, or ought to like.

Not all collectors are interested in learning from their hobby, though, so what we might call a psychological reason for collecting is the need for a sense of control, perhaps as a way of raredealing withgrew out ofantiquesgiải quyết, đối phó insecurity. Stamps collectors, for instance, arrange their stamps in albums, usually very neatly, organising their collection according to certain thông thường principles – perhaps by country in alphabetical order, or grouping stamps by what they depict – people, birds, maps, and so on.

One reason, có ý thức, biết rõ or not, for what someone chooses to collect is to show the collector’s individualism. Someone who decides to collect something as unexpected as dos collars, for instance, may be conveyingeccentricby-productantiquestruyền đạt their belief that they must be interesting themselves. And believe it or not, there is at least one dog collar museum in existence, and it by-productgrew out ofinsecurityeccentricphát triển từ a personal collection.

Of course, all hobbies give pleasure, but the common factor in collecting is usually passion: pleasure is putting it far too mildly. More than most other hobbies, collecting can be totally hấp dẫn đến mức chiếm hết thời gian và tâm trí, and can give a strong sense of personal fulfilment. To non-collectors it may appear an lập dị, kì cục, if harmless, way of spending time, but potentially, collecting has a lot going for it.